Autonomous nervous system modulation in supine and standing postures in children with probable developmental coordination disorder

Abstract

Background: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are known to have poor physical fitness and psychosocial problems. The autonomous nervous system (ANS) plays an essential role in the regulation of human neurophysiological processes. Inadequate ANS modulation has been associated with harmful health conditions such as poor aerobic power, high body mass index, and symptoms of stress and anxiety. Modulation of ANS in children with DCD needs to be further investigated taking into consideration variables that may influence its function. For instance, would the level of physical fitness or the symptoms of stress and anxiety affect the ANS modulation of children with DCD? Aims: To examine the ANS modulation during supine and standing postures, and stress/anxiety with questionnaire data from children with probable-DCD (p-DCD). Methods: and procedures: Thirty children, 8-12 years old, composed two groups paired by age, gender, peak volume of oxygen uptake (aerobic power), and body mass index (BMI): p-DCD (9 boys, mean age 10.8 y) and typically developing (TD). Both groups were compared for stress/anxiety assessment by questionnaire and spectral, symbolic, and complexity heart rate variability (HRV) analyses during posture changes. Outcomes and results: p-DCD group showed higher stress symptoms than TD group for stress/anxiety assessment in the questionnaire's data, but HRV analyses showed no differences between the two groups. Both groups showed parasympathetic prevalence during supine posture and sympathetic prevalence during standing posture. Conclusions and implications: Children with p-DCD had similar autonomic control function as TD children during posture change (supine to standing). Symptoms of stress and anxiety demonstrated by p-DCD did not impact their ANS modulation. These results indicate that aerobic power and BMI are probable protective factors of ANS modulation for these children.

Linear Analysis of ECG Data Variability to Assess The Autonomic Nervous System in Two Different Body Positions

“…ANS function is most commonly assessed by measuring blood pressure and heart rate while the person is supine or sitting and after standing. When the ANS shifts, healthy persons often adjust by changing their posture (6,20,21) .…”

“…A nother study (6) was investigated in the ANS by studying the HRV of a group of children in the supine position versus the standing position, where they found that the HR in standing is greater than in the lying down, as well as the heart rate variability. It was also found that there were significant difference between the supine and standing positions.…”

“…External heart rate regulation regulates the RR intervals, which are the intervals between successive heartbeats (HR). HRV exhibits the heart's capacity to adapt to changing circumstances by quickly detecting and reacting to stimuli (6) . Additionally, HRV measurements enable the evaluation of nonlinear dynamic processes in the ANS and neurocardiac function brought on by interactions between the heart and brain (7) .…”

“…In recent years, numerous studies have used HRV as a suitable ANS modulation biomarker (10) . Examine the ANS in different positions: supine, sitting, and then standing, Also, (6) supine and standing positions were used to investigate the ANS. The ANS regulates heartbeats through its SNS and PNS divisions.…”

Effect of osteopathic manipulation using SSDV protocol on improving motor coordination and hand eye coordination in children with developmental coordination disorder: a protocol for randomized controlled trial

“…Finally, a child diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) must not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder. [3][4][5][6] The prevalence ranges between 1.8% and 8%, depending on the diagnostic criteria used, based on the cut off of motor scores from standardized scales. Four main hypotheses have been postulate to explain DCD in terms of deficits in visuospatial functions, procedural learning, internal modeling, or executive functions.…”