Autophagy and Aging

Martínez–López, Nuria; Athonvarangkul, Diana; Singh, Rajat

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2404-2_3

Cited by 155 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The ultimate cancer risk factor is old age, which has a detrimental effect on autophagy (Martinez-Lopez et al, 2015). Defective autophagy in aged individuals or animals results in aberrant clearance of damaged mitochondria, leading to elevated inflammation and accumulation of ROS and protein aggregates that cause ER stress (Bujak et al, 2015; Komatsu et al, 2006).…”

Section: Corruption Of Autophagy By Cancer Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defective autophagy in aged individuals or animals results in aberrant clearance of damaged mitochondria, leading to elevated inflammation and accumulation of ROS and protein aggregates that cause ER stress (Bujak et al, 2015; Komatsu et al, 2006). These cellular defects contribute to different degenerative diseases and enhance tumor initiation and malignant progression (Martinez-Lopez et al, 2015). Aging is accompanied by indolent inflammation and parainflammation manifested by increased basal production of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF and IL-6.…”

Section: Corruption Of Autophagy By Cancer Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity: A Troika Governing Cancer and Its Treatment

Zhong

Sánchez-López

Karin

2016

Cell

534

435

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Summary Autophagy, a cellular waste disposal process, has well-established tumor suppressive properties. New studies indicate that in addition to its cell autonomous anti-tumorigenic functions, autophagy inhibits cancer development by orchestrating inflammation and immunity. While attenuating tumor-promoting inflammation, autophagy enhances the processing and presentation of tumor antigens and thereby stimulates anti-tumor immunity. Although cancer cells can escape immunosurveillance by tuning down autophagy, certain chemotherapeutic agents with immunogenic properties may enhance anti-tumor immunity by inducing autophagic cell death. Understanding the intricate and complex relationships within this troika and how they are affected by autophagy enhancing drugs should improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.

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Section: Corruption Of Autophagy By Cancer Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Corruption Of Autophagy By Cancer Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity: A Troika Governing Cancer and Its Treatment

Zhong

Sánchez-López

Karin

2016

Cell

534

435

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“…Both apoptosis and autophagy possibly contribute to age-related sarcopenia that is associated with loss in the overall mass and with a reduced number of myofibers. 14,[21][22][23][24][25] Disorganization of myofibrils with Z line loss, mitochondrial swelling and sarcolemmal disruption are hallmarks of the skeletal muscle necrosis. Intracellular moieties including myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase (CK) and other sarcoplasm proteins are released into the bloodstream.…”

Section: Unique Immune Privileges Of the Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Cell death, clearance and immunity in the skeletal muscle

et al. 2016

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“…There, lysosome-associated protein type 2A (LAMP-2A) is recognized by this substrate chaperone complex, allowing the target protein to unfold and cross the lysosomal membrane. CMA is thus characterized by selective protein targeting and direct substrate translocation to the lysosomes, which establishes a singular role of this process in diverse pathophysiological conditions, including aging (Cuervo, 2011; Dice, 2007; Martinez-Lopez et al, 2015)(see also this issue). Instead, microautophagy involves the direct invagination of cytosolic material (‘in bulk’ or selectively chosen by chaperones) at the lysosomal membrane (Li et al, 2012).…”

Section: Lysosomes and The Regulation Of Autophagy During Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crucial impact of lysosomes in aging and longevity

Carmona-Gutiérrez

Hughes

Madeo

et al. 2016

Ageing Research Reviews

202

134

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Lysosomes are the main catabolic organelles of a cell and play a pivotal role in a plethora of cellular processes, including responses to nutrient availability and composition, stress resistance, programmed cell death, plasma membrane repair, development, and cell differentiation. In line with this pleiotropic importance for cellular and organismal life and death, lysosomal dysfunction is associated with many age-related pathologies like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as with a decline in lifespan. Conversely, targeting lysosomal functional capacity is emerging as a means to promote longevity. Here, we analyze the current knowledge on the prominent influence of lysosomes on aging-related processes, such as their executory and regulatory roles during general and selective macroautophagy, or their storage capacity for amino acids and ions. In addition, we review and discuss the roles of lysosomes as active players in the mechanisms underlying known lifespan-extending interventions like, for example, spermidine or rapamycin administration. In conclusion, this review aims at critically examining the nature and pliability of the different layers, in which lysosomes are involved as a control hub for aging and longevity.

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Autophagy and Aging

Cited by 155 publications

References 84 publications

Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity: A Troika Governing Cancer and Its Treatment

Autophagy, Inflammation, and Immunity: A Troika Governing Cancer and Its Treatment

Cell death, clearance and immunity in the skeletal muscle

The crucial impact of lysosomes in aging and longevity

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