Autophagy and Cell Death: Antitumor Drugs Targeting Autophagy

Zhang, Hai; Chen, Zhinan

doi:10.5772/intechopen.88050

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Targeted therapies to block autophagy have been proposed; however, these have only been studied on cell lines and mouse models, not in patients as the repurposed drug chloroquine (64). For example, SBI-0206965, an ULK1 inhibitor explored in leukemia cell lines, was proposed for future exploration (65).…”

Section: Drugs That Target Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay Between Autophagy and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential Through Drug Repositioning

et al. 2020

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The widespread dysregulation that characterizes cancer cells has been dissected and many regulation pathways common to multiple cancer types have been described in depth. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and autophagy are among these principal pathways, which contribute to tumor growth and resistance to anticancer therapies. Currently, several therapeutic strategies that target either Wnt/β-catenin signaling or autophagy are in various stages of development. Targeted therapies that block specific elements that participate in both pathways; are subject to in vitro studies as well as pre-clinical and early clinical trials. Strikingly, drugs designed for other diseases also impact these pathways, which is relevant since they are already FDA-approved and sometimes even routinely used in the clinic. The main focus of this mini-review is to highlight the importance of drug repositioning to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin and autophagy pathways, with an emphasis on the interplay between them. The data we found strongly suggested that this field is worth further examination.

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Section: Drugs That Target Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay Between Autophagy and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential Through Drug Repositioning

et al. 2020

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“…While after tumor formation, autophagy supports its growth, metabolism and progression, and helps the cancer cells to overcome the intracellular environmental stress [53]. It is believed that autophagy inhibits apoptosis (programmed cell death) of the cancer cells thus protecting the tumor cells [54]. Anticancer drugs such as CQ kills the cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis of the cancer infected cells.…”

Section: Reduction Of Virus Induced Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Outlook on Nanocarriers to Improve Drug Efficacy of Chloroquine against SARS-CoV-2

Kashyap¹,

Sarma²

2020

JNST

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The sudden emergence of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of last year and its subsequent attainment of pandemic proportions have not only paralyzed the healthcare system but also destabilized the world economy due to subdued human activity in the past few months. Scientists the world over have been fervently working on finding a cure for the viral infection. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are amongst the most popular medicines that are being considered as a counter to the SARS-CoV-2. However, the clinical trials of the drug both as a preventive for frontline healthcare professionals and as a cure for the infected have yielded mixed results. This is mainly due to the cardiotoxicity induced by the drug via QT prolongation when administered in high dosages. The prescription of the drug is further inadvisable if patients have been prescribed other QT prolonging drugs like azithromycin or have a known cardiac history. The authors have extensively studied literature on chloroquine mechanism of action and the successful use of nanocarriers as drug delivery vehicles against different viruses, malarial infections and in cancer therapy. The combination of nano-carrier and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine is expected to overcome the limitations of the use of free chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine via increased drug efficacy and thus decreased chances of lethality arising from cardiotoxicity.

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“…8 Autophagy is a self-eating and dynamic phenomenon that depends on lysosomal degradation of the damaged mitochondria, cytoplasm, lipids, and misfolded proteins back to their basic components with cellular recycling to preserve cellular homeostasis. 9,10 Autophagy is present at a low level under physiological conditions but increased under cellular stress ailments including hypoxia, and nutrient deficiency and ROS production. [10][11][12] Autophagy and apoptosis share many regulators and interactions like Beclin-1/Bcl-2, 13 and caspase/Beclin-1cleavage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy/ Apoptosis Induced by Geraniol through HIF-1α/BNIP3/Beclin-1 Signaling Pathway in A549 CoCl2 Treated Cells

El-Ella

2020

Adv Pharm Bull

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Autophagy and Cell Death: Antitumor Drugs Targeting Autophagy

Cited by 4 publications

References 92 publications

Interplay Between Autophagy and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential Through Drug Repositioning

Interplay Between Autophagy and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential Through Drug Repositioning

An Outlook on Nanocarriers to Improve Drug Efficacy of Chloroquine against SARS-CoV-2

Autophagy/ Apoptosis Induced by Geraniol through HIF-1α/BNIP3/Beclin-1 Signaling Pathway in A549 CoCl2 Treated Cells

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