Autophagy in arsenic exposed population and cancer patients

Kumar, Arun; Raj, Vivek; Srivastava, Abhinav; Ali, Mohammad; Ghosh, Ashok; Rachamalla, Mahesh; Kumar, Dhruv

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99879-6.00010-9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The inhibition of testosterone biosynthesis by arsenic is depicted in Figure 3. Arsenic exposure exerted cellular and molecular perturbations such as oxidative stress, inflammation, induction of autophagy, and apoptosis, which obstructed male gonadal development and led to reproductive dysfunction in humans and animals [110,111]. Table 3 Shows studies on arsenic-induced reproductive toxicity in animals.…”

Section: Effects Of Arsenic On the Male Reproductive System In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention

Rachamalla

Chinthada

Kushwaha

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Arsenic (As) is a poisonous metalloid that is toxic to both humans and animals. Drinking water contamination has been linked to the development of cancer (skin, lung, urinary bladder, and liver), as well as other disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, and developmental damage. According to epidemiological studies, As contributes to male infertility, sexual dysfunction, poor sperm quality, and developmental consequences such as low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, and small for gestational age (SGA). Arsenic exposure negatively affected male reproductive systems by lowering testicular and accessory organ weights, and sperm counts, increasing sperm abnormalities and causing apoptotic cell death in Leydig and Sertoli cells, which resulted in decreased testosterone synthesis. Furthermore, during male reproductive toxicity, several molecular signalling pathways, such as apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy are involved. Phytonutrient intervention in arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity in various species has received a lot of attention over the years. The current review provides an in-depth summary of the available literature on arsenic-induced male toxicity, as well as therapeutic approaches and future directions.

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Section: Effects Of Arsenic On the Male Reproductive System In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention

Rachamalla

Chinthada

Kushwaha

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…In Brazil as reported by RIBAS, et al [55], in their recent study that, although with the national water resources policy and the national basic sanitation plan already in full operation, both the number of municipalities covered by basic sanitation is low and the lack of technology meet the needs of treatment of wastewater that percolates to the subsoil is still slow and with little research and development in the sector, with the major impulses coming from public research entities and still low in number as shown in Figure 2. In their review BAO, et al [56], report the use of a set of techniques added to ionizing radiation for the treatment of recalcitrant organic compounds, which are difficult to degrade, hydrophobic and bioaccumulative (KUMAR, et al [57,58]), with high chemical and photochemical stability and low biodegradability rate. They are polychlorinated biphenyls, DDT, dieldrin, dioxins and phthalate esters.…”

Section: Groundwater Remediation and Treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater and Anthropic Activities: A Qualitative Study on Treatment Techniques

Oliveira

2024

BJSTR

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The hydrological water cycle comprises constant water movements, which have great influence on the maintenance of vital natural activities. Groundwater in particular constitutes a portion of aquifers, which are considered mobile reservoirs used mainly as a source of supply and human consumption. However, external influences have become largely responsible for the unbalance of the ecosystem, linked to the unbridled human consumption of finite natural resources and the consequent discharge of waste into the receiving bodies without the necessary treatment. The geological water cycle is interrupted when forests are cut down, springs and rivers are extinguished, and together with this, finally, the lack of basic sanitation alters the ecosystem, causing changes of great relevance to the world's population. Groundwater has suffered relevant impacts due to the loss of biodiversity of ecosystems, such as contamination, overuse, lack of current regulatory legislation for use, and the improvement of decontamination techniques. The analysis of the following activities is necessary, mainly due to the anthropic punctual impacts to the ecosystem, corroborating the need for satisfactory techniques. It is noticeable the need for extreme attention to the waste runoff via sanitary sewage to places that have treatment, but the same is not very efficient in retaining this liability, since some developing countries that have not reached about 90% treatment of sanitary sewage, demonstrating the lack of such activities. Thus, the objective of this study is to verify, by means of exploratory and bibliographic research in research bases, the measures that protect the water. Technological measures and sustainable management tools for this purpose will be reviewed, as well as the evolution of groundwater treatment techniques.

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“…Multiparametric assays have always been found to be beneficial in identifying markers specific to caspase proteases. The assays can be performed by screening membrane potential and metabolism, production of superoxide, calcium, and the transitioned permeability of mitochondria with the help of different reagents, namely JC-1 dye, Rhod-2 AM reagent, MitoSox red reagent, MitoSox green reagent, Mito tracker flow cytometry, and Mito tracker imaging [19,20].…”

Section: Functional Validation Of Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, to encourage the growth of the tumor, it is essential to have functionally active mitochondria, mostly due to their biosynthetic activity and not limited to proenergetic features. Mitochondria, at several stages, satisfy the metabolic needs of cancer cells, significantly modify the synthesis of bioenergetics such as NADPH and ATP, and convert the various available nutrients into central building blocks which are required for the growth and functioning of the cells [19,21]. Hence, mitochondria within cancer cells can be targeted for the management of this debilitating disease and can be highlighted as its future treatment [20,22].…”

Section: Pathophysiological Role Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cellular and Molecular Hub in Pathology of Metabolic Diseases and Infection

Behl

Makkar

Anwer

et al. 2023

JCM

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Mitochondria are semiautonomous doubly membraned intracellular components of cells. The organelle comprises of an external membrane, followed by coiled structures within the membrane called cristae, which are further surrounded by the matrix spaces followed by the space between the external and internal membrane of the organelle. A typical eukaryotic cell contains thousands of mitochondria within it, which make up 25% of the cytoplasm present in the cell. The organelle acts as a common point for the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and glutamine. Mitochondria chiefly regulate oxidative phosphorylation-mediated aerobic respiration and the TCA cycle and generate energy in the form of ATP to fulfil the cellular energy needs. The organelle possesses a unique supercoiled doubly stranded mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which encodes several proteins, including rRNA and tRNA crucial for the transport of electrons, oxidative phosphorylation, and initiating genetic repair processors. Defects in the components of mitochondria act as the principal factor for several chronic cellular diseases. The dysfunction of mitochondria can cause a malfunction in the TCA cycle and cause the leakage of the electron respiratory chain, leading to an increase in reactive oxygen species and the signaling of aberrant oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins, which further alter the pathways involved in metabolism, disrupt redox balance, and induce endurance towards apoptosis and several treatments which play a major role in developing several chronic metabolic conditions. The current review presents the knowledge on the aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in cancer, diabetes mellitus, infections, and obesity.

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Autophagy in arsenic exposed population and cancer patients

Cited by 8 publications

References 104 publications

Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention

Contemporary Comprehensive Review on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity and Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Intervention

Groundwater and Anthropic Activities: A Qualitative Study on Treatment Techniques

Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cellular and Molecular Hub in Pathology of Metabolic Diseases and Infection

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