2015
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.630558
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Autophagy Modulates Articular Cartilage Vesicle Formation in Primary Articular Chondrocytes

Abstract: Background: Articular cartilage vesicles (ACVs) participate in cell communication, protein secretion, and pathologic mineralization. Results: ACV release from chondrocytes is regulated in concert with autophagy and is caspase-3-and Rho/ROCK-dependent. Conclusion: Autophagy participates in chondrocyte ACV release. Significance: This work identifies a potential mechanism of ACV formation and presents opportunities to manipulate quantity and content of these important organelles.

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Cited by 35 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…Fusion with the plasma membrane results in releasing a vesicle (the inner membrane bound compartment of the former autophagosome) filled with infectious virions to the extracellular space. The secretory autophagy pathway is also exploited in uninfected cells to secrete IL1β [74,75], synuclein [76], amyloid β protein [77], bone morphogens and mineralizing agents [78] and even whole intact organelles, the latter in reticulocytes undergoing maturation into red blood cells [79]. Nevertheless, almost nothing is known regarding what molecular machinery regulates whether an autophagosome becomes degradative or secretory and how plasma membrane targeting and fusion is accomplished [74].…”
Section: Widespread Role For Membranes In Facilitating Non-lytic Viramentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fusion with the plasma membrane results in releasing a vesicle (the inner membrane bound compartment of the former autophagosome) filled with infectious virions to the extracellular space. The secretory autophagy pathway is also exploited in uninfected cells to secrete IL1β [74,75], synuclein [76], amyloid β protein [77], bone morphogens and mineralizing agents [78] and even whole intact organelles, the latter in reticulocytes undergoing maturation into red blood cells [79]. Nevertheless, almost nothing is known regarding what molecular machinery regulates whether an autophagosome becomes degradative or secretory and how plasma membrane targeting and fusion is accomplished [74].…”
Section: Widespread Role For Membranes In Facilitating Non-lytic Viramentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When the cellular microenvironment has nutritional deficiencies or is under hypoxic conditions, the signal of autophagy is significantly increased in chondrocytes. In normal chondrocytes, ACV contains the autophagy marker LC3-II, and the release of ACV is related to caspase-3 and the Rho/ROCK signal pathway [49], providing more evidence that ACV generation is associated with the autophagy mechanism and is simultaneously produced with autophagy.…”
Section: Relationship Between Ev and Autophagy In Oamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In smooth muscle cells forced to adopt an osteoblast-like phenotype, exosome-like vesicles are derived from multivesicular bodies in a process responsive to inflammatory cytokines[27]. We recently demonstrated that ACVs from primary articular chondrocytes are generated through the autophagic pathway [28 ■■ ]. Autophagy is the process through which internal cell contents are recycled in intracellular acidic vesicles.…”
Section: Articular Cartilage Vesicle Originmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using a dynamic model, we showed that agents that induce autophagy increase ACVs numbers in the conditioned media of primary articular chondrocyte cultures. ACVs carry markers of autophagosomes and are externalized in a caspase-3-dependent process which is independent of apoptosis [28 ■■ ]. A role for membrane blebbing was illustrated by the ability of Rho associated protein kinase pathway inhibitors to reduce ACV externalization [28 ■■ ].…”
Section: Articular Cartilage Vesicle Originmentioning
confidence: 99%
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