Autoradiographic Comparisons of Radionuclide Adsorption Between Subsurface Anaerobic Biofilms and Granitic Host Rocks

Anderson, Craig; Pedersen, Karsten; Jakobsson, Anna‐Maria

doi:10.1080/01490450500399946

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The influence of viruses on microbial processes has been identified as an important factor to include in model studies. In particular, they seem to have an important mitigation effect on sulphide production by SRB (Eydal, 2009;Kyle, 2008a;Pedersen, 2013) Microbial biofilms was found to significantly influence the sorption of radionuclides on glass and rock surfaces (Anderson, et al, 2006a(Anderson, et al, , 2007. In addition, it has been demonstrated that microbial iron oxidising biofilms are strong sorbents for trace elements (Anderson, et al, 2006b;Anderson and Pedersen, 2003).…”

Section: High-level Waste Repositoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mineralogical and deformation-induced transformations of Nizhnekansky Massif rocks to estimate their retention capacity in geological disposal and isolation of radioactive waste

Петров¹,

Poluektov²,

Hammer³

et al. 2015

gzh

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JT03354141Complete document available on OLIS in its original format This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. . Since then, there have been major developments in a number of national geological disposal programmes and significant experience has been obtained in preparing and reviewing cases for the operational and long-term safety of proposed and operating geological repositories. Especially, three national programmes are now, or will shortly be, at the stage of licence application for a deep geological repository for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel or high-level and other long-lived radioactive waste.Thus, the purpose of this Symposium, "The Safety Case for Deep Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste: 2013 State of the Art", was to assess the practice, understanding and roles of the safety case, as applied internationally at all stages of repository development, including the interplay of technical, regulatory and societal issues, as they have developed since 2007.The Symposium was organised and hosted by the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and co-sponsored by the EC and the IAEA.The 2013 Symposium attracted 168 participants from 65 organisations and 17 countries and international bodies.The Symposium was chaired by Klaus-Jürgen Röhlig, who is also the Chair of the NEA Integration Group for the Safety Case (IGSC). The planning and implementation of the symposium were supported by the efforts of staff of the NEA and of the programme committee.This synopsis was drafted by Trevor Sumerling (Safety Assessment Management Ltd, UK), finalised under the direction of the Chair and Gloria Kwong of the NEA and approved by the programme committee. Deep Geological Repositories (1999). Since then the concept has been elaborated on in NEA documents describing the nature and purpose of safety cases , 2013a and has been the basis of NEA/IGSC collaborative projects and EU projects (EC, 2011). The concept has been taken up in international safety standards as promulgated by the IAEA (2006, 2011) and recently in ICRP recommendations on the application of the system of radiological protection to geological disposal (ICRP, 2013).Meanwhile, the concept has been developed practically and applied within many national radioactive waste disposal programmes and also taken up in some national regulatory guides. The NEA has used the concept as a guide in several international peer reviews of national repository programmes and safety documentation. In Europe, the EU Directive 2011/70/Euratom (EU, 2011) establishes a framework to ensure responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste by member states that, inter alia, requires a decision-making process based on safety evidence and arguments that mirrors the safety case concept. Aims of the symposiumThe purpose of thi...

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Section: High-level Waste Repositoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mineralogical and deformation-induced transformations of Nizhnekansky Massif rocks to estimate their retention capacity in geological disposal and isolation of radioactive waste

Петров¹,

Poluektov²,

Hammer³

et al. 2015

gzh

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“…Other studies at the Äspö URL examined radionuclide sorption processes which compared the adsorption capacity of granitic rock to biofilms grown in situ on glass and rock surfaces (Anderson et al 2006). After immersing the surfaces for 42 days in anaerobic synthetic groundwater containing a number of radioactive tracers the adsorption and distribution of the radionuclides was investigated using 2D autoradiography.…”

Section: Microbial Transport Studies Associated With the äSpö Hard Romentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once again, the amount of smectite formed was greater in the biotic CSTR experiments demonstrating that the bacteria were having a significant influence on clay mineral formation in the experiments. More details of these studies are described elsewhere Hama et al 2001).Other studies at the Äspö URL examined radionuclide sorption processes which compared the adsorption capacity of granitic rock to biofilms grown in situ on glass and rock surfaces (Anderson et al 2006). After immersing the surfaces for 42 days in anaerobic synthetic groundwater containing a number of radioactive tracers the adsorption and distribution of the radionuclides was investigated using 2D autoradiography.…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of biofilms in subsurface transport processes

Coombs

Wagner

Bateman

et al. 2010

QJEGH

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Landfill and radioactive waste disposal risk assessments focus on contaminant transport and are principally concerned with understanding the movement of gas, water and solutes through engineered barriers and natural groundwater systems. However, microbiological activity can impact on transport processes changing the chemical and physical characteristics of the subsurface environment. Such effects are generally caused by biofilms attached to rock surfaces. This paper will present the results of an experimental study of the significance of biofilm growth on groundwater flow and the transport of contaminants in intergranular and fracture porosity flow systems.Risk assessments for landfills and geological repositories for radioactive waste are primarily based on the precepts of contaminant transport; and are concerned with understanding the movement of gas, water and solutes through engineered barriers and natural groundwater systems, within the concept of 'Source', 'Pathway' and 'Receptor'. The emphasis on solute migration for landfill investigations is reflected in the theoretical development used during numerical simulation. However, microbes living in such environments can have an impact on transport processes (Chapelle 2000;Cunningham et al. 1997; Fredrickson et al. 1989; Keith-Loach & Livens 2002;West & Chilton 1997;West et al. 2006). Microbial activity in any environment is generally located on chemical or physical interfaces, usually within biofilms, and the impacts can be both physical (e.g. altering porosity) and/or chemical (e.g. changing pH, redox conditions) and may result in intracellular or extracellular mineral formation or degradation (Beveridge et al. 1997;Ehrlich 1999;Konhauser et al. 1998;Milodowski et al. 1990;Tuck et al. 2006). Where biofilm growth in a crystalline host rock promotes mineral precipitation it can reduce water inflow and this can be a positive effect for limiting the transport of contaminants. Recent experimental work has investigated some of these chemical and physical effects in more detail in the context of the geological containment of radioactive waste. This paper will examine some of these studies and will indicate the significance of biofilms in influencing both granular and fracture flow. 2 BiofilmsA biofilm is an agglomeration of microbial cells and their excreted organic and inorganic products that is attached to, or coats, mineral surfaces or other substrates (Taylor & Jaffe 1990a). Biofilms are very common in the geosphere and biosphere, forming in diverse environments including the surfaces of human teeth (Marsh 2004), wall murals and stone monuments (Dornieden et al. 2000), stream sediments (Konhauser et al. 1998), cave and mine walls (Plate 1) and the subsurface (Tuck 2006). In such natural systems, they often comprise a mixture of interacting microbial species forming complex ecosystems. Biofilm thickness is extremely variable ranging from a single cell monolayer, to thick mucous microcolonies of microbes held together by Extracellular Polymeric Substances...

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“…Biofilms are known to provide a sink for dissolved heavy metals (Späth et al, 1998) because the EPS, cell walls, cell membranes, and cell cytoplasm can serve as sorption sites (Flemming, 1995). Anderson et al (2006Anderson et al ( , 2007 recently examined the adsorption capacity of subsurface anaerobic biofilms from the Ä spö Hard Rock Laboratory tunnel in Sweden using 60 Co(II), 147 Pm(III), 241 Am(III), 234 Th(IV), 237 Np(V), and 99 Mo(VI) as radioactive tracers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of uranium in biofilm microorganisms exposed to groundwater seeps over granitic rock tunnel walls in Olkiluoto, Finland

Krawczyk-Bärsch

Lünsdorf

Pedersen

et al. 2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Autoradiographic Comparisons of Radionuclide Adsorption Between Subsurface Anaerobic Biofilms and Granitic Host Rocks

Cited by 29 publications

References 63 publications

Analysis of mineralogical and deformation-induced transformations of Nizhnekansky Massif rocks to estimate their retention capacity in geological disposal and isolation of radioactive waste

Analysis of mineralogical and deformation-induced transformations of Nizhnekansky Massif rocks to estimate their retention capacity in geological disposal and isolation of radioactive waste

The role of biofilms in subsurface transport processes

Immobilization of uranium in biofilm microorganisms exposed to groundwater seeps over granitic rock tunnel walls in Olkiluoto, Finland

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