Autoradiographic localization of thyr tropin releasing hormone receptors in human brain

Manaker, Scott; Eichen, A; Winokur, Andrew; Rhodes, C. H.; Rainbow, T. C.

doi:10.1212/wnl.36.5.641

Cited by 41 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…TRH is a hypothalamic tripeptide-releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thus regulating the production of thyroid hormones. TRH receptors are found throughout the brain, with highest densities occurring in the amygdala and hippocampus and lower levels in the cortex, diencephalon, and basal ganglia [113]. Since the 1970s, TRH has been relevant to the pathophysiology of mood disorders; early studies evaluating the rapid antidepressant effects of oral and intravenous TRH had mixed results (reviewed in [114]).…”

Section: Novel Drug Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Mathews

Richards

Niciu

et al. 2013

Translational Neuroscience

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Suicide and bipolar disorder (BD) are challenging, complex, and intertwined areas of study in contemporary psychiatry. Indeed, BD is associated with the highest lifetime risk for suicide attempt and completion of all the psychiatric conditions. Given that several clinical risk factors for both suicide and BD have been well noted in the literature, exploring the neurobiological aspects of suicide in BD may provide insights into both preventive measures and future novel treatments. This review synthesizes findings regarding the neurobiological aspects of suicide and, when applicable, their link to BD. Neurochemical findings, genes/epigenetics, and potential molecular targets for current or future treatments are discussed. The role of endophenotypes and related proximal and distal risk factors underlying suicidal behavior are also explored. Lastly, we discuss the manner in which preclinical work on aggression and impulsivity may provide additional insights for the future development of novel treatments.

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Section: Novel Drug Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Mathews

Richards

Niciu

et al. 2013

Translational Neuroscience

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“…Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a tripeptide originally described for its effects on the pituitary-thyroid axis, has been found to be distributed throughout the brain (Metcalf 1982). The highest concentrations of TRH receptors in human brain are in the limbic system, specifically in the amygdala, hippocampus, and temporal cortex (Manaker et al 1986). In animal studies, TRH has been shown to interact with several neurotransmitters.…”

Section: Ropeptide -Scopolamine -Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

TRH attenuates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in humans

et al. 1990

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The brain tripeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has been demonstrated to facilitate cholinergic neurotransmission. To test its interaction with the cholinergic system in humans, high-dose TRH (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo was administered intravenously (IV) to normal controls pretreated with scopolamine (0.5-0.75 mg IV), a centrally active muscarinic antagonist, which has been used to model aspects of the memory impairment of normal aging and of dementia. Compared to placebo, TRH markedly attenuated scopolamine-induced impairment of some measures of memory, most notably on a selective reminding task. This cognitive study is the first in humans to suggest a neuromodulatory effect of a peptide on the cholinergic system, and suggests a facilitatory role for TRH in human memory processes.

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“…after administration of the centrally active anticholinergic drug scopolamine (Yamazaki, Nagaoka and Nagawa, 1986;Yamamura et al, 1991) or lesions of the septohippocampal system (Horita et al, 1989;Yamamura et al, 1991)]. In addition, areas of the brain thought to be involved in learning and memory, the amygdala, hippocampus and temporal cortex, have high concentrations of TRH receptors (Manaker et al, 1986). It has been questioned, though, whether sufficient quantities of a peptide such as TRH could be delivered across the bloodbrain barrier to the brain (Metcalf, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and scopolamine in Alzheimer's disease and normal volunteers

et al. 1992

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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a neuromodulator and possibly a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, was shown in a prior study of young normal volunteers to attenuate the memory impairment induced by the anticholinergic drug scopolamine. In the present study, the cognitive, behavioral and physiologic effects of high dose TRH (0.5 mg/kg), both alone and following administration of scopolamine, were examined in 10 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (mean age±SD=63.5 years) and 12 older normal volunteers (mean age=64.9±8.8 years). On the day AD subjects received TRH alone, modest but statistically significant improvement from baseline performance was documented on some tests of learning and memory, especially in those with mild dementia severity. In comparing cognitive test performance between the scopolamine alone and scopolamine+TRH conditions, only two test scores were significantly higher in the latter condition. In the group of older volunteers, TRH did not attenuate scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, contrary to prior findings in a group of younger controls. In fact, older subjects performed worse after receiving scopolamine followed by TRH than after receiving scopolamine alone. In addition, no change from baseline cognitive performance was detected after subjects received TRH alone. These findings raise several questions and speculations on possible age-related changes in the cholinergic system, as well as on the mechanism of the interaction of TRH with the cholinergic system.

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Autoradiographic localization of thyr tropin releasing hormone receptors in human brain

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

Neurobiological aspects of suicide and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder

TRH attenuates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in humans

The effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and scopolamine in Alzheimer's disease and normal volunteers

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