Autoradiographic studies of intramedullary schwann cells in irradiated spinal cords of immature rats

Gilmore, Shirley Ann

doi:10.1002/ar.1091710408

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, injured dorsal root axons are able to regenerate into the X-irradiated spinal cord [42]. In addition, Schwann cells from the adjacent peripheral nerves have been shown to invade into the X-irradiated spinal cord [7,15], where they may possibly act to enhance CNS axonal regeneration [42]. Taken together, these observations suggest that the microenvironment following X-irradiation may not be as inhibitory to axonal regeneration as that provided by the normal spinal cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryosections of pre‐irradiated adult rat spinal cord tissue support axonal regeneration in vitro

Wilson

Esfandiary²,

Bedi³

2000

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Neonatal X-irradiation of central nervous system (CNS) tissue markedly reduces the glial population in the irradiated area. Previous in vivo studies have demonstrated regenerative success of adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons into the neonatally-irradiated spinal cord. The present study was undertaken to determine whether these results could be replicated in an in vitro environment. The lumbosacral spinal cord of anaesthetised Wistar rat pups, aged between 1 and 5 days, was subjected to a single dose (40 Gray) of X-irradiation. A sham-irradiated group acted as controls. Rats were allowed to reach adulthood before being killed. Their lumbosacral spinal cords were dissected out and processed for sectioning in a cryostat. Cryosections (10 microm-thick) of the spinal cord tissue were picked up on sterile glass coverslips and used as substrates for culturing dissociated adult DRG neurons. After an appropriate incubation period, cultures were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and immunolabelled to visualise both the spinal cord substrate using anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the growing DRG neurons using anti-growth associated protein (GAP-43). Successful growth of DRG neurites was observed on irradiated, but not on non-irradiated, sections of spinal cord. Thus, neonatal X-irradiation of spinal cord tissue appears to alter its environment such that it can later support, rather than inhibit, axonal regeneration. It is suggested that this alteration may be due, at least in part, to depletion in the number of and/or a change in the characteristics of the glial cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryosections of pre‐irradiated adult rat spinal cord tissue support axonal regeneration in vitro

Wilson

Esfandiary²,

Bedi³

2000

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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“…The patterns of this development and the characteristics of the intraspinal Schwann cells are poorly understood. Differing amounts of radiation can induce the development of IPNT, which has been reported following exposures to 4,000R of x-rays (Gilmore and Duncan, 1968;Gilmore, 1971;Heard and Gilmore, 1980;Sims and Gilmore, 1981;Gilmore et al, 1982) or to 2,000R (Beal and Hall, 1974;Blakemore and Patterson, 1975). It is not clear from these reports if there is a difference in intraspinal distribution of these peripheral nervous tissue elements following exposure to these two different amounts of x-rays.…”

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confidence: 96%

Patterns of X‐radiation‐induced schwann cell development in spinal cords of immature rats

1983

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Schwann cells, Schwann cell myelin, and connective tissue components develop in the spinal cord of the immature rat following exposure to x-rays. For the purposes of this paper, these intraspinal peripheral nervous tissue constituents are referred to as IPNT. A series of investigations are in progress to elucidate factors related to the development of IPNT, and the present study is a light microscopic evaluation of the relationship between the amount of radiation administered (1,000-3,000R) to the lumbosacral spinal cord in 3-day-old rats and the incidence and distribution of IPNT at intervals up to 60 days postirradiation (P-I). The results showed that IPNT was present in only 33% of the rats exposed to 1,000R, whereas its presence was observed in 86% or more of those in the 2,000-, 2,500-, and 3,000R groups. The distribution of IPNT was quite limited in the 1,000R group, where it was restricted to the spinal cord-dorsal root junction and was found in only a few sections within the irradiated area. The distribution was more widespread with increasing amounts of radiation, and IPNT occupied substantial portions of the dorsal funiculi and extended into the dorsal gray matter in the 3,000R group. In all aR mals developing IPNT in the groups receiving 2,000R or more, the IPNT was present in essentially all sections from the irradiated area. Further studies will compare in detail spinal cords exposed to 1,000R in which IPNT is an infrequent, limited occurrence with those exposed to higher doses where IPNT occurs in a more widespread fashion in essentially all animals.

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“…In addition, SCs can produce axon growth promoting substrates such as fibronectin and laminin [97] . On the other hand, SCs are able to myelinate both intact and regenerating central axons [108] . For this reason, it can be said that SC is one of the best cell types for cell transplant therapy SCI.…”

Section: Scsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future medical therapeutic strategies for the functional repair of spinal cord injury

Yılmaz¹

2015

WJO

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested for acute SCI. Large scale, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials have failed to demonstrate marked neurological benefit in contrast to their success in the laboratory. Today, the most important problem is ineffectiveness of nonsurgical treatment choices in human SCI that showed neuroprotective effects in animal studies. Recently, attempted cellular therapy and transplantations are promising. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI started in the early 1980s. Research had been looking at neuroprotection in the 1980s and the first half of 1990s and regeneration studies started in the second half of the 1990s. A number of studies on surgical timing suggest that early surgical intervention is safe and feasible, can improve clinical and neurological outcomes and reduce health care costs, and minimize the secondary damage caused by compression of the spinal cord after trauma. This article reviews current evidence for early surgical decompression and nonsurgical treatment options, including pharmacological and cellular therapy, as the treatment choices for SCI.

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Autoradiographic studies of intramedullary schwann cells in irradiated spinal cords of immature rats

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Cryosections of pre‐irradiated adult rat spinal cord tissue support axonal regeneration in vitro

Cryosections of pre‐irradiated adult rat spinal cord tissue support axonal regeneration in vitro

Patterns of X‐radiation‐induced schwann cell development in spinal cords of immature rats

Current and future medical therapeutic strategies for the functional repair of spinal cord injury

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