Autotransporter MisL of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium facilitates bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation

Wang, Shaohui; Yang, Deok‐Chun; Wu, Xiaojun; Yang, Wang Yong; Wang, Dong; Tian, Mingxing; Li, Tao; Qi, Jingjing; Wang, Xiaolan; Ding, Chan; Yu, Shuang

doi:10.1093/femsle/fny142

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In this study, we showed an involvement of autotransported MisL in adhesion to lettuce leaves. Expression of MisL is known to facilitates adhesion to CaCo2 and HeLa cells, enhancing biofilm formation (48), and contributing to intestinal colonization of mice (24). Furthermore, binding specificity of the non-conserved passenger domain (aa29-281) for fibronectin and, with lower affinity for collagen IV, were determined in extracellular matrix protein-binding assays (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors required for adhesion ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium to lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Hensel

Elpers

2020

Preprint

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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STM) is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis. Recent outbreaks of infections by STM are often associated with non-animal related food, i.e. vegetables, fruits, herbs, sprouts and nuts. One main problem related to consumption of fresh produce is the minimal processing, especially for leafy salads such as corn salad, rocket salad, or lettuce. In this study, we focused on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) which is contaminated by STM at higher rates compared to corn salad, resulting in prolonged persistence. We previously described the contribution of Saf fimbriae, type 1 secretion system (T1SS)-secreted BapA, intact LPS, and flagella-mediated motility to adhesion to corn salad leaves. We systematically analyzed factors contributing to adhesion of STM to lettuce leaves. We used the previously established reductionist, synthetic approach to identify factors that contribute to the surface binding of STM to leaves of lettuce by expressing all known adhesive structure by the Tet-on system. The analyses revealed contributions of Lpf fimbriae, Sti fimbriae, autotransported adhesin MisL, T1SS-secreted BapA, intact LPS, and flagella-mediated motility to adhesion of STM to lettuce leaves. In addition, we identified BapA is a potential adhesin involved in binding to corn salad and lettuce leaf surfaces.ImportanceGastrointestinal pathogens can be transmitted by animal products, as well as by fresh produce of non-animal origin. The numbers of outbreaks by fresh produce contaminated with gastrointestinal pathogens are increasing, and underline the relevance to human health. The mechanisms involved in the colonization of, persistence on, and transmission by fresh produce are poorly understood and have to be part of further research. Here, we investigated the contribution of adhesive factors of STM in the initial phase of plant colonization, i.e. the binding to the plant surface. Usage of a reductionist, synthetic approach including the controlled surface expression of specific adhesive structures of STM, one at a time, allowed the determination of relevant fimbrial and non-fimbrial adhesins, the O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide, the flagella, and chemotaxis to binding to lettuce leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors required for adhesion ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium to lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Hensel

Elpers

2020

Preprint

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“…The strains and plasmids used in this study are listed in Table 2. S. Typhimurium isolate SAT52 was used for the functional analysis (57). E. coli DH5␣ was used for cloning procedures and competition assays, and E. coli BL21(DE3) was used for the expression procedures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine the systemic dissemination of S. Typhimurium, bacterial loads in the spleens of infected mice were measured as described previously, with some modifications (17,57,61,64). Briefly, mice infected with S. Typhimurium were euthanized and dissected at 2 days postinfection.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ferric Uptake Regulator Represses Type VI Secretion System Function by Binding Directly to the clpV Promoter in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Wang

Yang

et al. 2019

Infect Immun

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Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are highly conserved and complex protein secretion systems that deliver effector proteins into eukaryotic hosts or other bacteria. T6SSs are regulated precisely by a variety of regulatory systems, which enables bacteria to adapt to varied environments. A T6SS within Salmonella pathogenicity island 6 (SPI-6) is activated during infection, and it contributes to the pathogenesis, as well as interbacterial competition, of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). However, the regulation of the SPI-6 T6SS in S. Typhimurium is not well understood. In this study, we found that the SPI-6 T6SS core gene clpV was significantly upregulated in response to the iron-depleted condition and during infection. The global ferric uptake regulator (Fur) was shown to repress the clpV expression in the iron-replete medium. Moreover, electrophoretic mobility shift and DNase I footprinting assays revealed that Fur binds directly to the clpV promoter region at multiple sites spanning the transcriptional start site. We also observed that the relieving of Fur-mediated repression on clpV contributed to the interbacterial competition activity and pathogenicity of S. Typhimurium. These findings provide insights into the direct regulation of Fur in the expression and functional activity of SPI-6 T6SS in S. Typhimurium and thus help to elucidate the mechanisms of bacterial adaptability and virulence.

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“…Finally, four P. fontium (Budviciaceae) incorporate a gene coding for an 879 aa orthologue (96.6% AAI) of the autotransporter MisL (PRK15313; E-value: 6.51E-97). In S. enterica serovar Typhimurium this protein plays a role in adherence, aggregation and biofilm formation [36].…”

Section: The Enterobacterial Flag-2 Locus Displays a Complex Evolutiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomic analysis of the secondary flagellar (flag-2) system in the order Enterobacterales

2020

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Background: The order Enterobacterales encompasses a broad range of metabolically and ecologically versatile bacterial taxa, most of which are motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Flagellar biosynthesis has been linked to a primary flagella locus, flag-1, encompassing~50 genes. A discrete locus, flag-2, encoding a distinct flagellar system, has been observed in a limited number of enterobacterial taxa, but its function remains largely uncharacterized.Results: Comparative genomic analyses showed that orthologous flag-2 loci are present in 592/4028 taxa belonging to 5/8 and 31/76 families and genera, respectively, in the order Enterobacterales. Furthermore, the presence of only the outermost flag-2 genes in many taxa suggests that this locus was far more prevalent and has subsequently been lost through gene deletion events. The flag-2 loci range in size from~3.4 to 81.1 kilobases and code for between five and 102 distinct proteins. The discrepancy in size and protein number can be attributed to the presence of cargo gene islands within the loci. Evolutionary analyses revealed a complex evolutionary history for the flag-2 loci, representing ancestral elements in some taxa, while showing evidence of recent horizontal acquisition in other enterobacteria. Conclusions:The flag-2 flagellar system is a fairly common, but highly variable feature among members of the Enterobacterales. Given the energetic burden of flagellar biosynthesis and functioning, the prevalence of a second flagellar system suggests it plays important biological roles in the enterobacteria and we postulate on its potential role as locomotory organ or as secretion system.

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Autotransporter MisL of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium facilitates bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Factors required for adhesion ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium to lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Factors required for adhesion ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium to lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

The Ferric Uptake Regulator Represses Type VI Secretion System Function by Binding Directly to the clpV Promoter in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Comparative genomic analysis of the secondary flagellar (flag-2) system in the order Enterobacterales

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