Autovaccines in Individual Therapy of Staphylococcal Infections

Giedrys-Kalemba, Stefania; Czernomysy-Furowicz, D.; Fijałkowski, Karol; Jursa-Kulesza, Joanna

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813547-1.00019-4

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The use of bacteria lysed by different procedures complies with the above goals. Alrmroth E. Wright (1930) developed the first autovaccine when he considered that dead microorganisms, besides helping to prevent infections, could also contribute to their treatment [ 26 ]. In two previous studies, the effect of monovalent lysates was evaluated (autovaccines) in the treatment and control of recurrent urinary tract infections [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Acevedo-Monroy,

Rocha-Ramírez,

Martínez Gómez

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Overuse of antimicrobials has greatly contributed to the increase in the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, a situation that hinders the control and treatment of infectious diseases. This is the case with urinary tract infections (UTIs), which represent a substantial percentage of worldwide public health problems, thus the need to look for alternatives for their control and treatment. Previous studies have shown the usefulness of autologous bacterial lysates as an alternative for the treatment and control of UTIs. However, a limitation is the high cost of producing individual immunogens. At the same time, an important aspect of vaccines is their immunogenic amplitude, which is the reason why they must be constituted of diverse antigenic components. In the case of UTIs, the etiology of the disease is associated with different bacteria, and even Escherichia coli, the main causal agent of the disease, is made up of several antigenic variants. In this work, we present results on the study of a bacterial lysate composed of 10 serotypes of Escherichia coli and by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The safety of the compound was tested on cells in culture and in an animal model, and its immunogenic capacity by analysing in vitro human and murine macrophages (cell line J774 A1). The results show that the polyvalent lysate did not cause damage to the cells in culture or alterations in the animal model used. The immunostimulatory activity assay showed that it activates the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in human macrophages and TNF-α in murine cells. The obtained results suggest that the polyvalent lysate evaluated can be an alternative for the treatment and control of chronic urinary tract infections, which will reduce the use of antimicrobials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Acevedo-Monroy,

Rocha-Ramírez,

Martínez Gómez

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…Bacteria begin to interlock and form blood clots. These blood clots are protective to the bacteria and have been shown to increase antimicrobial resistance ( Giedrys-Kalemba et al, 2018 ). However, not all S. aureus strains are CoP and it is possible that Bay 11-7085 may have greater efficacy on S. aureus coagulate-negative strains, which would also correlate with our polymicrobial anti-biofilm data using blood-negative media ( Figures 4 , 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Kinase Inhibitor Bay 11-7085 to Combat Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans Biofilms

et al. 2021

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Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp. are commonly linked with topical biofilm-associated infections such as those found on chronic wounds. These biofilms are notoriously difficult to treat, highlighting the grave need to discover and study new broad-spectrum agents to combat associated infections. Here we report that the kinase inhibitor Bay 11-7085 exhibited bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/ml. In addition, S. aureus strain MW2 did not acquire resistance to antibiotic pressure. Furthermore, Bay 11-7085 exhibited potency against Candida albicans and the emerging pathogen Candida auris with a MIC of 0.5–1 μg/ml. Bay 11-7085 partially inhibited and eradicated biofilm formation of various pathogens, such as VRSA (vancomycin-resistant S. aureus), as well as antifungal-resistant Candida spp. isolates. Notably, Bay 11-7085 partially inhibited initial cell attachment and formation of a VRSA-C. albicans polymicrobial biofilm in vitro. In contrast to C. albicans, inhibition of VRSA biofilm was linked to initial cell attachment independent of its bactericidal activity. Finally, Bay 11-7085 was effective in vivo at increasing the lifespan of C. elegans during an S. aureus and a C. albicans infection. Our work proposes kinase inhibitor Bay 11-7085 as a potential compound capable of combating biofilms associated with primary multidrug-resistant bacteria and yeast pathogens associated with wound infections.

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“…In the context of emerging multi-drug resistance, the need for research in chemistry field in order to develop new antimicrobial drugs and the necessity to find alternative therapies, such as autovaccines in chronic SSTIs become stringent [35][36][37]. Autovaccines or autologous bacterial vaccines are used to treat recurrent or persistent staphylococcal infections, including chronic furunculosis and wound infections, for over a century [35,36,38]. They consist of suspensions of surface antigens, virulence factors, and other bacterial proteins obtained from the particular staphylococcal strain causing the patients' persistent infection [35].…”

Section: Figure 1 Mechanisms Of Action For the Most Frequently Used mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They consist of suspensions of surface antigens, virulence factors, and other bacterial proteins obtained from the particular staphylococcal strain causing the patients' persistent infection [35]. This offers them the great advantage of being highly specific compared to conventional antibiotic therapy [36].…”

Section: Figure 1 Mechanisms Of Action For the Most Frequently Used mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need to Develop New Antimicrobial Molecules, as Revealed by in vitro Assessment of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcal Skin Infections Treated with Autologous Bacterial Vaccine

Preda¹,

Serbanescu²,

Mihai³

et al. 2020

Rev. Chim.

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Staphylococcus spp. is a facultative pathogen, which can be found in the commensal microbiota of humans, most often in moist skinfolds and mucous membranes. This microorganism has the ability to cause various infections, in almost every organ of the body, with an increased frequency in the skin and soft tissues, being involved in pathologies like acne, folliculitis, furunculosis, hidradenitis suppurativa, cellulitis, abscesses, but also in secondary infections in diseases with an altered cutaneous barrier. The prolonged evolution of these diseases and severe outcome can be influenced by various factors, most importantly being the antimicrobial resistance. We have evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, according to the Comite de l` Antibiogramme de la Societe Francaise de Microbiologie recommendations, for strains of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from acne or different types of skin and soft tissue infections in patients recommended to receive autologous bacterial vaccine. Most frequent identified species was Staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial resistance was higher for antibiotics usually used in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections, with interesting differences of the resistance profile for the strains isolated from patients before receiving autologous bacterial vaccine compared with the ones from individuals already treated. Another important finding was represented by the differences in the resistance profile according to the age group of the patients. The results of this study underline the importance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance in finding new molecules and alternative therapies, the necessity of a personalized approach in medical acts and of a continuous connection between clinic and laboratory research.

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Autovaccines in Individual Therapy of Staphylococcal Infections

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Repurposing Kinase Inhibitor Bay 11-7085 to Combat Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans Biofilms

The Need to Develop New Antimicrobial Molecules, as Revealed by in vitro Assessment of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcal Skin Infections Treated with Autologous Bacterial Vaccine

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