Auxiliary phase encoding in multi spin-echo sequences: Application to rapid current density imaging

Rapid measurement of transient velocity evolution using GERVAIS

“…In addition a 2D RARE velocimetry pulse sequence was used to monitor rapid variations in the radial 1D velocity field in the same Couette cell, at a spatial resolution of 100 lm, every 1 s. A series of 512 images were collected in order to study temporal fluctuations in the flow. At least two scans are required, however, for each velocity profile to 'restore' quadrature lost due to the addition of odd and even echoes [14,15].…”

Current density imaging sequences with separation of mobile-ion current from immobile-ion current

“…3.6 mA for the AC-DC-CDI sequence and 7.8 mA vs. 9.1 mA for the AC-CDI sequence) may be due to stability problems of multi spin-echo sequences with auxiliary phase encoding [25] and incomplete decay of the capacitive current before execution of the refocusing RF pulse in each voltage/RF pulse pair.…”

Magnetic Resonance Current Density Imaging: Applications to Electrochemotherapy and Irreversible Electroporation

“…Electroporation pulses can be applied during either of the two TE/2 delays. The entire sequence is named the two-shot RARE CDI sequence due to a need for two passes of the image signal acquisition train [13]. Electroporation pulses differ depending on their use.…”