Auxin acts as a local morphogenetic trigger to specify lateral root founder cells

Dubrovsky, Joseph G.; Sauer, Michael; Napsucialy-Mendivil, Selene; Ivanchenko, Maria G.; Friml, Jiřı́; Shishkova, Svetlana; Celenza, John L.; Benková, Eva

doi:10.1073/pnas.0712307105

Cited by 561 publications

(507 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

489

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent results reveal its independence from the basic auxin signaling pathway. A mechanism where the asymmetric distribution of auxin itself acts as a morphogenic trigger to prime pericycle cells was proposed (Dubrovsky et al, 2008). Together, these data point out the crucial role of auxin gradients in root development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…For instance, the acquisition of founder cell identity, cell cycle reactivation, and LR emergence all correlate with and require local auxin accumulation in specific cell types (Dubrovsky et al, 2008;Fukaki and Tasaka, 2009). Recent studies have suggested that the coordination of polar auxin transport by auxin influx carriers (AUX/LAX) and auxin efflux carriers (PIN) is responsible for establishing an auxin gradient along the root with specific local maxima that regulate LR development (Bainbridge et al, 2008;Ditengou et al, 2008;Laskowski et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LRs in Arabidopsis are derived from a subset of pericycle cells, termed pericycle founder cells, which are adjacent to the two xylem poles (for review, see Casimiro et al, 2003;De Smet et al, 2006 Dubrovsky et al, 2008). First, priming of pericycle founder cells occurs in the basal meristem, which is a region at the transition between the meristem and the elongation zone of the root.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Ectomycorrhizal FungusLaccaria bicolorStimulates Lateral Root Formation in Poplar and Arabidopsis through Auxin Transport and Signaling

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The early phase of the interaction between tree roots and ectomycorrhizal fungi, prior to symbiosis establishment, is accompanied by a stimulation of lateral root (LR) development. We aimed to identify gene networks that regulate LR development during the early signal exchanges between poplar (Populus tremula 3 Populus alba) and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor with a focus on auxin transport and signaling pathways. Our data demonstrated that increased LR development in poplar and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) interacting with L. bicolor is not dependent on the ability of the plant to form ectomycorrhizae. LR stimulation paralleled an increase in auxin accumulation at root apices. Blocking plant polar auxin transport with 1-naphthylphthalamic acid inhibited LR development and auxin accumulation. An oligoarray-based transcript profile of poplar roots exposed to molecules released by L. bicolor revealed the differential expression of 2,945 genes, including several components of polar auxin transport (PtaPIN and PtaAUX genes), auxin conjugation (PtaGH3 genes), and auxin signaling (PtaIAA genes). Transcripts of PtaPIN9, the homolog of Arabidopsis AtPIN2, and several PtaIAAs accumulated specifically during the early interaction phase. Expression of these rapidly induced genes was repressed by 1-naphthylphthalamic acid. Accordingly, LR stimulation upon contact with L. bicolor in Arabidopsis transgenic plants defective in homologs of these genes was decreased or absent. Furthermore, in Arabidopsis pin2, the root apical auxin increase during contact with the fungus was modified. We propose a model in which fungus-induced auxin accumulation at the root apex stimulates LR formation through a mechanism involving PtaPIN9-dependent auxin redistribution together with PtaIAA-based auxin signaling.Most temperate forest trees develop a mutualistic root symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal soil fungi. During the establishment of ectomycorrhiza (ECM), fungal hyphae invade the root from root cap cells in and upwards to the epidermis (Horan et al., 1988). After attachment to epidermal cells, hyphae multiply to form a series of layers that differentiate to establish a mantle structure around the root (Horan et al., 1988). An internal network of hyphae between the epidermis and root cortex cells forms the Hartig net (Blasius et al., 1986), while extraradical hyphae prospect throughout the surrounding soil and gather nutrients. Morphological observations of forming ECMs have shown that in the vicinity of the fungus the root architecture of the host plant is profoundly modified. Interaction with hyphae stimulates lateral root (LR) formation, dichotomy of the root apical meristem in conifer species, and cytodifferentiation of root cells (radial elongation and root hair decay; Horan et al., 1988;Dexheimer and Pargney, 1991;. Even though several studies have focused on LR stimulation during ECM formation, it still remains unclear what the molecular mechanisms are that modify root development during contact with the fungus.In the ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Ectomycorrhizal FungusLaccaria bicolorStimulates Lateral Root Formation in Poplar and Arabidopsis through Auxin Transport and Signaling

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel putative auxin carrier family regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis in plants

Barbez

Kubeš

Rolčı́k

et al. 2012

Nature

Self Cite

360

406

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phytohormone auxin acts as a prominent signal, providing, by its local accumulation or depletion in selected cells, a spatial and temporal reference for changes in the developmental program [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . The distribution of auxin depends on both auxin metabolism (biosynthesis, conjugation and degradation) [8][9][10] and cellular auxin transport [11][12][13][14][15] . We identified in silico a novel putative auxin transport facilitator family, called PIN-LIKES (PILS). Here we illustrate that PILS proteins are required for auxin-dependent regulation of plant growth by determining the cellular sensitivity to auxin. PILS proteins regulate intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signalling. PILS activity affects the level of endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), presumably via intracellular accumulation and metabolism. Our findings reveal that the transport machinery to compartmentalize auxin within the cell is of an unexpected molecular complexity and demonstrate this compartmentalization to be functionally important for a number of developmental processes.Prominent auxin carriers with fundamental importance during plant development are PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins [1][2][3]6,9,15 . PIN1-type auxin carriers regulate the directional intercellular auxin transport at the plasma membrane. In contrast, atypical family member PIN5 regulates intracellular auxin compartmentalization into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and its role in auxin homeostasis was recently identified 15,16 . PIN proteins have a predicted central hydrophilic loop, flanked at each side by five transmembrane domains. We screened in silico for novel PIN-like putative carrier proteins with a predicted topology similar to PIN proteins ( Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 2) and identified a protein family of seven members (Fig. 1b) in Arabidopsis thaliana, which we designated as the PILS proteins. In contrast to the similarities in the predicted protein topology, PIN and PILS proteins do not show pronounced protein sequence identity (10-18%), which limits the identification of PILS proteins by conventional, reciprocal basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) approaches. However, the distinct PIN and PILS protein families contain both the InterPro auxin carrier domain which is an insilico-defined domain, aiming to predict auxin transport function (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/panda/InterPro.html). The PILS putative carrier family is conserved throughout the whole plant lineage, including unicellular algae (such as Ostreococcus tauri and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) (Supplementary Fig. 3) where PIN proteins are absent 16 , indicating that PILS proteins are evolutionarily older.PILS genes are broadly expressed in various tissues (Fig. 1c) and PILS2-PILS7 were transcriptionally upregulated by auxin application in wild-type seedlings (Fig. 1d-f and Supplementary Fig. 4), indicating a role in auxin-dependent processes. To investigate the potential function of the putative PILS auxi...

show abstract

“…For example, when Arabidopsis root pericycle cells undergo reprogramming into lateral root, lateral root growth is initiated. At this time, auxin gathers in the pericycle cells adjacent to xylem vessels [29]. Furthermore, auxin has other effects on lateral roots, including the development of root systems, the structure of lateral root primordia, and root branching from parent roots [30].…”

Section: Auxin-regulated Root Tips Life-cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Plant Root System Growth for Distributed Optimization: Models and Emergent Behaviors

Su¹,

Lin

Liu

et al. 2016

Open Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Open Life Sci. 2016; 11: 447-457 an optimal solution and the natural process of foraging for food [1,2]. These bio-inspired computing approaches are increasingly used by engineers and scientists to solve complex optimization problems that are intractable using conventional methods [3]. Generally, a bio-inspired optimization problem solving process occurs in the following manner: an initial position is randomized in the search space, and its acceptability assessed through the application of a fitness function; a bio-inspired position change strategy, consistent with the paradigm in use, is then iteratively applied with the hope of improving the solution acceptability; the final solution is identified either through achieving an acceptable level of fitness or on the completion of a set amount of computation.Successful examples of such bio-inspired computing algorithms as evolutionary algorithms [4] include genetic algorithm, evolutionary strategy, evolutionary programming, and genetic programming, ant colony systems [5], particle swarm optimization [6,7], and bee foraging algorithms [8].Although foraging behavior is a typically considered an animal characteristic, other organisms, including plants, have shown similar traits [9]. Because of plants' unique non-motile way of life, they only have access to resources nearby their growth site [10]. The above description is the main difference between plant growth and animal foraging. Obviously, the survival rules for each plant species is to efficiently find soil with sufficient nutrients and water. So, the ability of plant roots to sense they myriad factors in their local environment allows them to complete in the evolution process, and the growth direction and root system development are driven by these factors [11].Continuous changes of the natural environment are considered as the reason of plant root growth diversity, including increased lateral branching, root biomass, root length and uptake capacity. It should be noted that these developmental needs require correct auxin transport and signaling [12]. The number of roots and the length per unit mass of roots also changes in to response to heterogeneity [9]. Many studies have demonstrated that plant foraging is DOI 10.1515DOI 10. /biol-2016 Received May 14, 2016; accepted September 14, 2016 Abstract: Plant root foraging exhibits complex behaviors analogous to those of animals, including the adaptability to continuous changes in soil environments. In this work, we adapt the optimality principles in the study of plant root foraging behavior to create one possible bio-inspired optimization framework for solving complex engineering problems. This provides us with novel models of plant root foraging behavior and with new methods for global optimization. This framework is instantiated as a new search paradigm, which combines the root tip growth, branching, random walk, and death. We perform a comprehensive simulation to demonstrate that the proposed model accurately reflects the characteristics of natural plant roo...

show abstract

Auxin acts as a local morphogenetic trigger to specify lateral root founder cells

Cited by 561 publications

References 31 publications

The Ectomycorrhizal FungusLaccaria bicolorStimulates Lateral Root Formation in Poplar and Arabidopsis through Auxin Transport and Signaling

The Ectomycorrhizal FungusLaccaria bicolorStimulates Lateral Root Formation in Poplar and Arabidopsis through Auxin Transport and Signaling

A novel putative auxin carrier family regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis in plants

Artificial Plant Root System Growth for Distributed Optimization: Models and Emergent Behaviors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About