Availability and range of tobacco products for sale in Massachusetts pharmacies

Seidenberg, Andrew B.; Hong, Wanjin; Liu, JiaYue; Noel, Jonathan K; Rees, Vaughan W.

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050591

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…With regard to pharmacy bans, evidence from Massachusetts suggests that a pharmacy ban would remove nearly 10% of tobacco retailers in the state, based on the number of licensed pharmacies also holding a tobacco retailer license. 33 Our results indicate even greater reductions from a pharmacy ban in North Carolina, removing nearly 14% of retailers. The variation in estimated effects shown here given policy type, buffer zone distance and geographic locality offers support for estimating policy effects prior to policy selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

A comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction

Myers

Hall

Isgett

et al. 2015

Preventive Medicine

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Background The Institute of Medicine recommends that public health agencies restrict the number and regulate the location of tobacco retailers as a means of reducing tobacco use. However, the best policy strategy for tobacco retailer reduction is unknown. Purpose The purpose of this study is to test the percent reduction in the number and density of tobacco retailers in North Carolina resulting from three policies: (1) prohibiting sales of tobacco products in pharmacies or stores with a pharmacy counter, (2) restricting sales of tobacco products within 1,000 feet of schools, and (3) regulating to 500 feet the minimum allowable distance between tobacco outlets. Methods This study uses data from two lists of tobacco retailers gathered in 2012, one at the statewide level, and another “gold standard” three-county list. Retailers near schools were identified using point and parcel boundaries in ArcMap. Python programming language generated a random lottery system to remove retailers within 500 feet of each other. Analyses were conducted in 2014. Results A minimum allowable distance policy had the single greatest impact and would reduce density by 22.1% at the state level, or 20.8% at the county level (range 16.6% to 27.9%). Both a pharmacy and near-schools ban together would reduce density by 29.3% at the state level, or 29.7% at the county level (range 26.3 to 35.6%). Conclusions The implementation of policies restricting tobacco sales in pharmacies, near schools, and/or in close proximity to another tobacco retailer would substantially reduce the number and density of tobacco retail outlets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

A comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction

Myers

Hall

Isgett

et al. 2015

Preventive Medicine

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“…44,398,424,438,471,472,696,701,704,715,729,730,756–774 The ENDS market is expanding 701,756 and accessible to consumers through internet vendors 472,729,769,771 and in most tobacco outlets. 472,704,729,730,758,759 Field observations of tobacco retail outlets have found that more than half of tobacco retailers sell ENDS. 438,729,730,762 One study found no significant relationship between retail availability and neighborhood demographics, 704 but another study indicated a greater likelihood of ENDS retailers in communities with higher median incomes.…”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Glasser

Collins

Pearson

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

420

332

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Context Rapid developments in e-cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and the evolution of the overall tobacco product marketplace warrant frequent evaluation of the published literature. The purpose of this article is to report updated findings from a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature on ENDS. Evidence acquisition The authors conducted a systematic review of published empirical research literature on ENDS through May 31, 2016, using a detailed search strategy in the PubMed electronic database, expert review, and additional targeted searches. Included studies presented empirical findings and were coded to at least one of nine topics: (1) Product Features; (2) Health Effects; (3) Consumer Perceptions; (4) Patterns of Use; (5) Potential to Induce Dependence; (6) Smoking Cessation; (7) Marketing and Communication; (8) Sales; and (9) Policies; reviews and commentaries were excluded. Data from included studies were extracted by multiple coders (October 2015 to August 2016) into a standardized form and synthesized qualitatively by topic. Evidence synthesis There were 686 articles included in this systematic review. The majority of studies assessed patterns of ENDS use and consumer perceptions of ENDS, followed by studies examining health effects of vaping and product features. Conclusions Studies indicate that ENDS are increasing in use, particularly among current smokers, pose substantially less harm to smokers than cigarettes, are being used to reduce/quit smoking, and are widely available. More longitudinal studies and controlled trials are needed to evaluate the impact of ENDS on population-level tobacco use and determine the health effects of longer-term vaping.

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“…Pharmacy/drug stores derive less than 2% of sales from tobacco products 7. However, nicotine replacement products are highly available in pharmacies,24 perhaps sparking availability of e-cigarettes as cessation devices or as products for more health-conscious smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The availability of electronic cigarettes in US retail outlets, 2012: results of two national studies

Rose¹,

Barker²,

D’Angelo

et al. 2014

Tob Control

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BackgroundSince their introduction in 2007, electronic cigarette (‘e-cigarette’) awareness and use has grown rapidly. Little is known about variation in e-cigarette availability across areas with different levels of tobacco taxes and smoke-free air policies. This paper looks at US retail availability of e-cigarettes and factors at the store, neighbourhood and policy levels associated with it.MethodsIn-person store audit data collected in 2012 came from two national samples of tobacco retailers in the contiguous US. Study 1 collected data from a nationally representative sample of tobacco retailers (n=2165). Study 2 collected data from tobacco retailers located in school enrolment zones for nationally representative samples of 8th, 10th and 12th grade public school students (n=2526).ResultsIn 2012, e-cigarette retail availability was 34% in study 1 and 31% in study 2. Tobacco, pharmacy and gas/convenience stores were more likely to sell e-cigarettes than beer/wine/liquor stores. Retail availability of e-cigarettes was more likely in neighbourhoods with higher median household income (study 1), and lower percent of African–American (studies 1 and 2) and Hispanic residents (study 2). Price of traditional cigarettes was inversely related to e-cigarette availability. Stores in states with an American Lung Association Smoke-Free Air grade of F (study 1) or D (study 2) compared with A had increased likelihood of having e-cigarettes.ConclusionsCurrently, e-cigarette availability appears more likely in areas with weak tax and smoke-free air policies. Given the substantial availability of e-cigarettes at tobacco retailers nationwide, states and localities should monitor the sales and marketing of e-cigarettes at point of sale (POS).

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Availability and range of tobacco products for sale in Massachusetts pharmacies

Abstract: Tobacco-free pharmacy policies would affect a majority of Massachusetts pharmacies and remove a variety of tobacco products from their store shelves. Further, nearly one in ten tobacco retailers would be eliminated by prohibiting tobacco sales in Massachusetts pharmacies statewide.

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

A comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction

A comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

The availability of electronic cigarettes in US retail outlets, 2012: results of two national studies

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