Availability of vitamin B6 and pantothenate in an average American diet in man

Abstract

The availability of vitamin B6 and pantothenate in an average American diet was assessed healthy male volunteers. The subjects received two types of diets, both nutritionally equivalent to the average American diet: period 1 (35 days), semipurified formula diet (low in both vitamins) with daily supplements of 1.1 mg pyridoxine and 8.2 mg pantothenate; period 2 (35 days), natural food sources, providing 2.3 mg vitamin B6 and 11.5 mg pantothenate/day; period 3 (21 days), formula diet, providing 2.7 mg pyridoxine and 8.2 mg pantothenate/day. Daily protein intake was 96 g throughout the study. Vitamins in food and urine samples were determined microbiologically and plasma pyridoxal phosphate by a tyrosine apodecarboxylase radioassay method. Compared to the availability of the pure vitamins as 100%, the availability of vitamin B6 ranged from 61 to 81% with a mean of 71% using plasma pyridoxal phosphate data, and ranged from 73 to 92% with a mean of 79% according to urinary vitamin B6 data. Availability of pantothenate ranged from 40 to 61% with a mean of 50%, according to urinary pantothenate data. The average American diet used in our study contained 1.7 and 5.8 mg/day of available vitamin B6 and pantothenate, respectively.

Twenty-four-hour urinary water-soluble vitamin levels correlate with their intakes in free-living Japanese university students

“…carbohydrate, and physical activity are expected to affect vitamin B 1 metabolism (Hoyumpa et al, 1977;Manore, 2000;Elmadfa et al, 2001); bioavailability of pantothenic acid in food is half that of free pantothenic acid (Tarr et al, 1981); and the single nucleotide polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene affects folate metabolism (Bagley and Selhub, 1998). However, mean estimated watersoluble vitamin intakes calculated using urinary vitamins and recovery rates were in exact agreement with 3-day mean and daily intakes.…”

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

“…Riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ): 95 % as oral supplement in human subjects (615) Niacin (vitamin B 3 ): low (19) Pantothenic acid (vitamin B 5 ): about 50 % in human subjects for average American diet (616) Pyridoxine (vitamin B 6 ): 71-79 % for an average American diet compared with free compound (616) a-Tocopherol: 70 % in human subjects fed free compound (617) Total ferulic acid: 3·2 -3·6 % urinary excretion in rats (152) Free/soluble-conjugated ferulic acid: at least that of wheat bran in rat small intestine (154) Bound ferulic acid: a small fraction released within small intestine by intestinal esterases (618) Alkylresorcinols: 60-79 % from ileal samples in pigs fed whole-grain rye bread (619) Phytosterols: weakly absorbed from the gut (620) Total free inositols (myo-and chiro-inositol):…”

Urinary Water-Soluble Vitamins as Nutritional Biomarker to Estimate Their Intakes

“…Several factors are known to affect water-soluble vitamin metabolism. For example, alcohol, carbohydrate and physical activity are expected to affect vitamin B 1 metabolism (Hoyumpa et al, 1977;Manore, 2000;Elmadfa et al, 2001); bioavailability of pantothenic acid in food is half that of free pantothenic acid (Tarr et al, 1981); and the single nucleotide polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene affects folate metabolism (Bagley & Selhub, 1998). When estimated intake of water-soluble vitamins was calculated using mean recovery rate and urinary excretion values, estimated water-soluble vitamin intakes except vitamin B 12 were correlated with 3-day mean intakes, and showed 91-107% of their 3-day mean intakes, except vitamin B 12 (61-79%) ( Table 2).…”