The article discusses the special aspects of ecological monitoring of agricultural land in current conditions. At the present day over 3.5 million hectares of the reclaimed lands in Russia are in an unsatisfactory meliorative state dial with secondary salinization, solonetzation of soil, erosion, flooding of lands with groundwater, etc. Monitoring is oriented to ensuring environmental sustainability of geological systems of river basins and landscapes to agricultural and water reclamation impacts. As the monitoring objects, reclaimed and adjoining lands, soils, underground and surface waters, reclamation systems are considered. The principles of ecological monitoring organization of reclaimed agricultural lands have been determined, an algorithm and technology for its implementation have been developed.