Available Genetic Data Do Not Support Adaptation of
            <i>Tobacco Ringspot Virus</i>
            to an Arthropod Host

Cornman, Robert S.

doi:10.1128/mbio.01875-16

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This was in contrast to most honeybee-associated viruses. Given the possible lack of evidence that TRSV is adapted to honeybees [ 54 ] and replicates in bees [ 70 ], despite some debate [ 71 ], if we consider that the majority of TRSV present in the bee is not adapted, then our results, which show large viral count differences of honeybee-associated viruses between conditions, suggest that amygdalin was somehow affecting these honeybee viruses that are adapted to bees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The last date (July 1) had a markedly lower total viral titers (−2.3), driven by Sacbrood virus (−2.3), Israeli acute paralysis virus (−8.0), Black queen cell virus (−3.1), and Sinaivirus (−2.7), except for DWV-A and DWV-B which had relatively higher titers (2.6 and 6.2, respectively). As a control, we also looked at the Tobacco ringspot virus, which is found in honeybees, but currently has no concrete evidence showing that it is adapted in the western honeybee [ 53 , 54 ]. There were no clear differences in the amygdalin and control treatment for the Tobacco ringspot virus count data, which was not the case for almost every other honeybee virus inspected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We included the Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), which is a virus that bees pick up from plants, as a control for the virus group. We used TRSV as a control because there is a lack of sufficient evidence to support that it is a bee pathogen [ 54 ]. Interestingly, the titer counts for TRSV between the treatment and control essentially overlapped and followed the same pattern over the two months (relative fold-change was not greater than 2 on any date).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colony-Level Effects of Amygdalin on Honeybees and Their Microbes

Tauber

Tozkar

Schwarz

et al. 2020

Insects

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Amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside, is found in the nectar and pollen of almond trees, as well as in a variety of other crops, such as cherries, nectarines, apples and others. It is inevitable that western honeybees (Apis mellifera) consistently consume amygdalin during almond pollination season because almond crops are almost exclusively pollinated by honeybees. This study tests the effects of a field-relevant concentration of amygdalin on honeybee microbes and the activities of key honeybee genes. We executed a two-month field trial providing sucrose solutions with or without amygdalin ad libitum to free-flying honeybee colonies. We collected adult worker bees at four time points and used RNA sequencing technology and our HoloBee database to assess global changes in microbes and honeybee transcripts. Our hypothesis was that amygdalin will negatively affect bee microbes and possibly immune gene regulation. Using a log2 fold-change cutoff at two and intraday comparisons, we show no large change of bacterial counts, fungal counts or key bee immune gene transcripts, due to amygdalin treatment in relation to the control. However, relatively large titer decreases in the amygdalin treatment relative to the control were found for several viruses. Chronic bee paralysis virus levels had a sharp decrease (−14.4) with titers then remaining less than the control, Black queen cell virus titers were lower at three time points (<−2) and Deformed wing virus titers were lower at two time points (<−6) in amygdalin-fed compared to sucrose-fed colonies. Titers of Lotmaria passim were lower in the treatment group at three of the four dates (<−4). In contrast, Sacbrood virus had two dates with relative increases in its titers (>2). Overall, viral titers appeared to fluctuate more so than bacteria, as observed by highly inconstant patterns between treatment and control and throughout the season. Our results suggest that amygdalin consumption may reduce several honeybee viruses without affecting other microbes or colony-level expression of immune genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colony-Level Effects of Amygdalin on Honeybees and Their Microbes

Tauber

Tozkar

Schwarz

et al. 2020

Insects

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Global Genetic Diversity of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Including Newly Reported Isolates from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Oklahoma

Ferguson,

Ali

2024

Plant Disease

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Cotton is one of the most salient cash crops globally and in the United States (US). Lately, several virus-like diseases have been reported from cotton in the US such as the Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) in Oklahoma. TRSV has been reported from various hosts worldwide with minimal phylogenetic examination. In this study, complete genome sequences of four TRSV isolates from cotton were isolated, and the genetic diversity was investigated along with additional available TRSV isolates retrieved from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete RNA1 and RNA2 sequences distributed all TRSV isolates into three major phylogenetic clades exhibiting a differential clade composition depending on the segment. The TRSV cotton isolates exhibited differential grouping between the RNA1 and RNA2 analyses. Additionally, monophyletic subclades of isolates appeared to be conserved between both segments. Thirty-five recombination events in RNA1 and twenty-three in RNA2 were identified with implications in the variation of the phylogenetic analyses. Furthermore, multiple hypotheses of TRSV evolution were generated based on the phylogenetic analyses, but to test them, more complete genomes of TRSV will be needed. This study provides the first complete genome analysis of TRSV isolates infecting cotton in the US and a detailed analysis of global TRSV isolates.

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Revisiting the Concept of Host Range of Plant Pathogens

Morris

Moury

2019

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Strategies to manage plant disease—from use of resistant varieties to crop rotation, elimination of reservoirs, landscape planning, surveillance, quarantine, risk modeling, and anticipation of disease emergences—all rely on knowledge of pathogen host range. However, awareness of the multitude of factors that influence the outcome of plant–microorganism interactions, the spatial and temporal dynamics of these factors, and the diversity of any given pathogen makes it increasingly challenging to define simple, all-purpose rules to circumscribe the host range of a pathogen. For bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and viruses, we illustrate that host range is often an overlapping continuum—more so than the separation of discrete pathotypes—and that host jumps are common. By setting the mechanisms of plant–pathogen interactions into the scales of contemporary land use and Earth history, we propose a framework to assess the frontiers of host range for practical applications and research on pathogen evolution.

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Available Genetic Data Do Not Support Adaptation of Tobacco Ringspot Virus to an Arthropod Host

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Colony-Level Effects of Amygdalin on Honeybees and Their Microbes

Colony-Level Effects of Amygdalin on Honeybees and Their Microbes

Global Genetic Diversity of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Including Newly Reported Isolates from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Oklahoma

Revisiting the Concept of Host Range of Plant Pathogens

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