Available Inertia Estimation of Induction Machine and Its Effect on Frequency Response of Power Systems with Wind Penetration

Wang, Ding; Yuan, Xiaoming; Shen, Yue; Cui, Tongtong; Hu, Zhen; Cao, Wei; Li, Long

doi:10.1109/isgt-asia.2019.8881619

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Frontiers in Energy Research frontiersin.org the frequency fluctuation of the asynchronous motor is very small before the moment of inertia fully responds to the frequency change (Wang and Yuan, 2018). The schematic diagram of support power in the process of system inertia response is shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Research on primary frequency regulation strategies for ancillary wind power inertia based on the rotor kinetic energy

et al. 2023

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The additional frequency control of wind turbines is an effective method to solve the problem of low inertia in power systems with high proportions of new energy. The primary frequency regulation of auxiliary wind power inertia systems based on rotor kinetic energy can not only make the wind turbine run at the maximum power point but also has the lowest cost and better economy of the auxiliary frequency regulation module. The wind power inertia output control scheme based on rotor kinetic energy control is constructed by considering the frequency response characteristics of synchronous generator sets and loads. The calculation model of the minimum inertia demand of the power system is established using the rate of change of frequency and the maximum frequency offset as constraints. Combined with the real-time operating conditions of the wind turbine, the speed regulation limit of the wind turbine rotor kinetic energy control is obtained to avoid wind turbine off-grid due to excessive frequency regulation. To prevent frequency secondary drop of the system during the speed recovery process, the steady speed recovery of the wind turbine is controlled by setting the rate of speed change. The feasibility of the strategy for the regulation of the auxiliary primary frequency proposed in this study was verified in an example based on a two-region, four-machine system. When a disturbance sets the sudden load power to 150 MW, under the kinetic energy control of the wind turbine rotor, the system frequency change rate and the maximum frequency offset are increased; in particular, the maximum frequency offset is reduced by 0.348 Hz, which further illustrates the flexibility and plasticity of the rotor kinetic energy control of the wind turbines. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for adding additional frequency control to existing wind turbines.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Research on primary frequency regulation strategies for ancillary wind power inertia based on the rotor kinetic energy

et al. 2023

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“…In the study of power system stability, it is widely used to characterize the dynamic characteristics of asynchronous motors by the motion law of potential after transient reactance [10,16]. Different from [15], which does not consider the internal laws of asynchronous motors, based on the modeling method of asynchronous motors in [10], this paper ignores the stator winding electromagnetic transient and stator resistance, and shorts the rotor windings. The per unit electrical equation of asynchronous motor can be summarized as follows.…”

Section: Model Derivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the system is at a low operating point, the influence of a small frequency disturbance on the amplitude change in potential after transient reactance can be ignored, i.e., ∆U = 0. Then, Equation ( 18) can be obtained from Equation (15).…”

Section: Small-signal Modeling Of the Phase Motion Equation Of Potent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the concept of average system frequency and the method of polynomial fitting, the total system inertia is obtained in [13] by the ratio of system disturbance power change to the rate of change of system frequency at the moment of disturbance, based on which the total system inertia is subtracted from the inertia of synchronous and fixed-speed wind turbines in the system to obtain the inertia of asynchronous motor load [14]. The estimation methods applied in the above literature have high requirements on generator parameters and the overly mathematical theoretical derivation ignores to a certain extent the physical laws of asynchronous motors [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equivalent Inertia Estimation of Asynchronous Motor and Its Effect on Power System Frequency Response

2022

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With the increase in renewable energy penetration, the traditional synchronous generator is gradually replaced, resulting in the decrease in system inertia level and the weakening of frequency modulation capability. In addition to synchronous inertia, load inertia of asynchronous motors also widely exists in power systems, but its effect on system frequency stability has not been fully studied. To this end, based on the detailed model of asynchronous motor, the amplitude–phase motion equation based on potential after transient reactance is proposed, and then the phase motion equation of potential after transient reactance is derived to evaluate the equivalent inertia of asynchronous motor under electromechanical time scale. The equivalent inertia of asynchronous motor is studied theoretically by building the system frequency response model. The results show that the equivalent inertia of asynchronous motor can essentially improve the system frequency stability, while showing time-varying characteristics due to the combined effect of slip frequency and rotor speed. The analyses are validated with time-domain simulation results. The proposed method lays a foundation for mechanistic understanding of the frequency characteristics of the equivalent inertia of asynchronous motors affected by active and reactive power and its influence on the system frequency characteristics.

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“…In existing FCUC models, the load is usually aggregated, and only its PFR is modeled as a proportional element. However, studies have shown that the induction machines (IMs) in load can also provide inertia support during disturbances [24], [25]. As the IMs account for a large proportion (usually 50%-70%) of the load, the FCUC needs to incorporate the inertial response of IMs into frequency dynamics analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-area Frequency-constrained Unit Commitment for Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources and Induction Machine Load

Wang,

Fan,

Liang

et al. 2024

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) brings great challenges to the frequency security of power systems. The traditional frequency-constrained unit commitment (FCUC) analyzes frequency by simplifying the average system frequency and ignoring numerous induction machines (IMs) in load, which may underestimate the risk and increase the operational cost. In this paper, we consider a multiarea frequency response (MAFR) model to capture the frequency dynamics in the unit scheduling problem, in which regional frequency security and the inertia of IM load are modeled with high-dimension differential algebraic equations. A multi-area FCUC (MFCUC) is formulated as mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) on the basis of the MAFR model. Then, we develop a multi-direction decomposition algorithm to solve the MFCUC efficiently. The original MINLP is decomposed into a master problem and subproblems. The subproblems check the nonlinear frequency dynamics and generate linear optimization cuts for the master problem to improve the frequency security in its optimal solution. Case studies on the modified IEEE 39bus system and IEEE 118-bus system show a great reduction in operational costs. Moreover, simulation results verify the ability of the proposed MAFR model to reflect regional frequency security and the available inertia of IMs in unit scheduling.

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Available Inertia Estimation of Induction Machine and Its Effect on Frequency Response of Power Systems with Wind Penetration

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Research on primary frequency regulation strategies for ancillary wind power inertia based on the rotor kinetic energy

Research on primary frequency regulation strategies for ancillary wind power inertia based on the rotor kinetic energy

Equivalent Inertia Estimation of Asynchronous Motor and Its Effect on Power System Frequency Response

Multi-area Frequency-constrained Unit Commitment for Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources and Induction Machine Load

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