Available transfer capability calculation methods: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Summary The ceaseless efforts by power system industries to promote sustainable and competitive electric power market structure in the deregulated environment have given rise to enormous research in the area of transfer capability of transmission networks. Due to high demand for electricity, transmission components are stressed to operate close to their operating limits, and this leads to a decrease in transmission efficiency. To address this issue, efficient evaluation of available transfer capability (ATC) is crucial for system planning, operation, and control. Several approaches have been proposed for ATC computation. Surprisingly, a comprehensive literature review on ATC computation is yet to be efficiently presented. Researchers have been able to come up with fast algorithms, but most of these algorithms are not accurate, and the presented accurate techniques are not fast enough for online applications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the different approaches for ATC determination. It provides the concepts, methods, and the features of the ATC. For each technique, the state of the art of the several contributions made by researchers has been highlighted. This review reveals that there are issues regarding ATC calculation methods that need attention: the development of fast and accurate algorithm incorporating system dynamics and system uncertainties in ATC determination. Additionally, efforts on the incorporation of renewable energy generation in the ATC evaluation need to be intensified. This review will serve as one in all for researchers as well as a guide for the entrants in this field.

Voltage Security-Constrained Optimal Generation Rescheduling for Available Transfer Capacity Enhancement in Deregulated Electricity Markets

“…Lots of existing research publications have reported the calculation of ATC using several approaches. The commonly adopted approach involves the estimation of some sensitivity factors based on the steady-state operating condition of the power system [21]. The sensitivity factors approach is recognized as being easier and time-efficient.…”

“…The critical transactions, corresponding ATC limiting lines, CBI and CBI limiting line are presented in Table 5. The most critical transactions is T32 (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) with the least ATC value of 0.0099 MW, the ATC limiting line is L62 (B48-B49), and the minimum CBI value is 0.1136 pu (11.36 MW) for the CBI limiting line L36 (B24-B25). The optimization procedure is initiated for the simultaneous maximization of the least ATC and least CBI using the weighted sum approach using TVAC-PSO and the convergence characteristics is shown in Figure 8.…”

Capacity benefit margin assessment in the presence of renewable energy

“…In a competitive power market structure, all participant utilities need to keep updating their available transfer capability (ATC) values on the open access same‐time information system (OASIS) in order to know the economic viability of the network 1,2 . ATC is the amount of transmission capability reserved for electric power transactions between interconnected systems 1‐4 . For system security and economic benefit, accurate computation of ATC is very important 2 .…”

“…ATC is the amount of transmission capability reserved for electric power transactions between interconnected systems 1‐4 . For system security and economic benefit, accurate computation of ATC is very important 2 . For example, on August 2003, the North‐eastern United State and Ontario witnessed a major blackout due to overestimation of ATC 5 .…”

“…ATC = TTC − TRM − CBM − ETC. TTC represents the maximum amount of power that can be transferred within the network while maintaining the system security and reliability 2 . TRM denotes the transfer capability reserved for network uncertainty 1,6,9,10 .…”