Avaliação de complexo enzimático e betaína natural em rações para frangos de corte criados em aviário comercial

Abstract

RESUMO -O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de um complexo enzimático, composto por protease, xilanase e amilase, associado ou não a betaína em dietas para frangos de corte sobre o desempenho das aves e a análise econômica. Pintos machos da linhagem Cobb 500 (924), com peso médio inicial de 45,8 g, foram alimentados com quatro dietas, cada uma com sete repetições, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Cada unidade experimental continha 33 aves. As dietas foram:controle -rações à base de milho e farelo de soja; enzimas -rações acrescidas de enzimas (protease, xilanase e amilase); betaína -rações acrescidas de betaína natural; enzimas + betaína -rações acrescidas de enzimas e betaína. Evaluation of an enzymatic complex and natural betaine in rations for broilers chickens raised in a commercial poultry houseABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an enzymatic complex composed of protease, xylanase and amylase, associated or not to betaine in diets for broiler chickens on the performance of birds and economical analysis. It was used Cobb 500 male broiler chicks (924) at average initial weight of 45.8 g fed four diets, each one with seven replicates, in a completely randomized design. Each experimental unit had 33 birds. The diets were: control -corn and soybean meal-based rations; enzymes -rations added with enzymes (protease, xylanase and amylase); betaine -rations added with natural betaine; enzymes + betaine -rations added with enzymes and betaine. In the period from 1 to 7 days, the addition of enzymes or betaine into the rations did not influence performance traits. In the period from 1 to 21 days of age, birds fed diets with enzymes + betaine showed lower average feed intake when compared to those diets only with enzymes. However, average weight gain and feed conversion were similar. Diets with enzyme or betaine did not influence performance of the birds compared to control diet. Likewise, in the period from 1 to 35 days, performance of the birds fed diets with enzymes and betaine was similar to the control group. At 41 days of age, broilers fed diets with enzyme or betaine showed performance similar to the control group, so, the additives used had the expected effects. However, combination of the additives did not show the same efficiency. There was no significant influence of diets in the feed cost. Among the evaluated additives, only enzyme and betaine do not affect performance of the birds.

Use of Betaine in Post-Hatch Feed for Broiler Chicks

“…However, this reduction in consumption did not affect weight gain. However, betaine supplementation in the feed did not interfere with the chick's feed intake at 7 days (Pereira et al, 2010), but improved the final weight and conversion at 14 days (El-Shinnawy, 2015) and feed conversion at 21 days (Amerah & Ravindran, 2015).…”

Interações nutricionais entre aminoácidos sulfurosos, colina e betaína para aves

“…Uma das principais finalidades da suplementação de betaína em dietas de frangos de corte é a elevada capacidade de atuar como um osmólito orgânico. A betaína é capaz de estabilizar a função metabólica das células a um baixo custo energético, principalmente em condições de estresse (Pereira et al, 2010). Segundo Sayed e Downing (2011), a exposição a altas temperaturas ambiente está associada a dois importantes problemas que podem afetar o desempenho de frangos.…”

“…Assim, a colina ou betaína pode reduzir o uso da metionina para o fornecimento de grupamentos metil, entretanto, não são capazes de reduzir as necessidades de metionina na dieta, se a dieta não possuir a quantidade correta de colina (McDevitt et al, 2000). Por vários anos, a adição de betaína e colina como doadores de grupos metil vem sendo avaliada na dieta de frangos de corte e galinhas poedeiras, com diferentes interpretações entre os autores (Lowry et al, 1987;Schutte et al, 1997;Harms e Russel, 2002;Keshavarz, 2003;Pereira et al, 2010;Rama Rao et al, 2011).…”

Effect of Betaine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Antioxidants Status of Broilers

“…While, those birds neither have sweat glands, and so avian species use non-evaporative cooling like radiation, convection, panting (Which affects the muscle water-holding, which would change the characteristics of the quality of the carcass) and conduction for heat dissipation. If panting fails to prevent the rising of body temperature, birds become listless, then comatose, and soon die due to respiratory, circulatory, or electrolyte imbalance disorders (Pereira et al 2010 andSaif et al 2013).…”