Avaliação sensorial de alimentos com redução de sódio: perspectivas de consumidores universitários

Abstract

Introduction-The reduction of excessive sodium intake by populations is a concern that is part of the public health agenda worldwide. Countries like Brazil and Portugal have data that reveal the high sodium consumption in their populations, and studies to understand how consumers' perceptions and knowledge of sodium / salt reduction become relevant in this context. Objectives-Assess the sensory perception of salt reduction in culinary preparations from two Portuguese-speaking countries and investigate the salt-knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in university students. Methods-A cross-sectional study was conducted with consumers from two university restaurants in São Paulo (SP), Brazil and Oporto (PO), Portugal. Participants regarding an electronic questionnaire, through which sociodemographic data, information on routine, dietary perceptions and concerns, knowledge, attitudes and behavior (KAB) regarding salt intake were obtained. Descriptive analyzes, Pearson's chi-square test, bivariate and multivariate Poisson analysis and correspondence analysis were performed using the SPSS, STATA and XLSTAT tools. Sensory characterization of starter preparations (vegetable soups, OP) and main meals (ground meat and roasted potatoes, SP) from menus of the institutions' restaurants was carried out. The sodium content of the soup preparations of turnip greens, savoy cabbage and carrots (OP), ground beef and roasted potatoes (SP) was determined with the usual amount of salt and reductions of up to 35% by flame photometry methods (OP) and optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (SP). Participants were Check-All-Apply testicles (CATA); affective testicles of acceptance, by means of a hedonic scale of 9 points, and intensity of salty taste, by means of a 10 cm unstructured scale containing "much" and "little" salty at the ends. Descriptive statistical analyzes, Shapiro-Wilk tests, Kruskal Wallis, Cochran's Q, penalty and correspondence analysis were advanced by the XLSTAT software. Results-151 university students from OP and 309 from SP agreed to participate in the study and answer the electronic questionnaire; 107 of OP and 177 of SP responded to sensory tests. It was verified in the public of university students the presence of risk behavior / attitudes towards excessive sodium / salt intake, such as the lack of interest in reducing dietary salt, the use of table salt, in addition to low knowledge regarding recommendations. In both groups, SUMÁRIO

Development of fish hamburger with reduced sodium content using sweet passion fruit shell flour

“…In the study by Tan et al (2021), it was possible to identify the high intake of sodium chloride, as a dietary habit. In another study, the salty taste was directly related to the habit of adding salt to meals (Dantas, 2020).…”