Avascular Necrosis of the Humeral Head: Hemi-Cap, Cap, or Stemmed Solution?

Focal anatomic resurfacing implantation for bilateral humeral and femoral heads’ avascular necrosis in a patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and literature review

“…The longest follow-up periods of patients with its clinical use were 3 years, and 6 years for shoulder [2], [8], [15], [16], [17] and hip [18], [19], [20], [21] surgeries, respectively. The clinical experience reported till now was limited with only four case reports and a case series related with the use in hip pathologies of the femoral head [7], [18], [19], [20], [21].…”

Focal avascular necrosis of the humeral head after arthroscopic suprapectoral biceps tenodesis

“…Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the humeral head is a debilitating process resulting from loss of blood circulation to the bone leading to cell death, subchondral collapse, and articular degeneration. 8 , 18 Although AVN of the humeral head can be caused by trauma, it can also be atraumatic and multifactorial. As with AVN of other joints, the most common precipitators include long-term corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, radiation, sickle cell disease, storage diseases, vasculitis, connective tissue disorders, or idiopathic.…”

“…As with AVN of other joints, the most common precipitators include long-term corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, radiation, sickle cell disease, storage diseases, vasculitis, connective tissue disorders, or idiopathic. 13 , 18 Rapidly progressive, global humeral head AVN has been reported following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) with both bioabsorbable suture and metal anchors, resulting in Cruess stage IV and V osteonecrosis within 12 months of surgery. 3 , 5 , 7 , 13 Notably, in each of these reports the biceps tendon was not tenodesed.…”