Average Hourly Concentrations of Air Contaminants in Selected Urban, Town, and Rural Sites

Cichowicz, Robert; Stelęgowski, Artur

doi:10.1007/s00244-019-00627-8

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The NO x concentration has been found to be higher at night than during the day [11], but the time at which the maximum concentration occurred has differed among studies [11,12]. For example, Robert Cichowicz found that the maximum values appeared at different times between 08:00 and 09:00 in five neighboring provinces in central Poland, Central Europe [13]. Changes in concentrations of atmospheric pollutants such as NO x during special periods (such as during the Beijing Olympics) or during atmospheric pollution events might vary significantly [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of NOx Pollution Characteristics in the Atmospheric Environment in Changchun City

Wang

Tan

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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Nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollution has become one of the most challenging problems in China in the past 20 years. In this study, on the basis of the Jilin Province Atmospheric Environmental Quality Bulletin and hourly NOx data from the Atmospheric Environment Automatic Monitoring Station in Changchun, temporal and spatial variations in NOx concentration in the province and Changchun and their relationships with various pollutants and meteorological factors were analyzed. The results show that Changchun had the highest NOx concentration of all cities in the province, with a high concentration in the center and a low concentration in the east and west. The areas with high NOx concentrations in Changchun were mainly distributed in urban centers, and the concentration in the northern part of the city was higher than that in the south. The seasonal variation and average daily variation in NOx concentration in Changchun had a bimodal distribution, and the NOx concentration in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer. The maximum monthly average concentrations of NOx and nitric oxide (NO) were reached in October, and the maximum monthly average concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was reached in March. The average daily variation in NOx concentration first peaked at 07:00–08:00 in the morning, and the second peak occurred between 20:00 and 22:00 at night. The NOx concentration in Changchun was positively correlated with NO2, NO, PM2.5 (fine particulate matter), PM10 (particulate matters), CO (carbon monoxide), and pressure, and it showed a significant negative correlation with O3, temperature, wind speed, and humidity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of NOx Pollution Characteristics in the Atmospheric Environment in Changchun City

Wang

Tan

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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“…This could indicate the impact of emissions from road transport, which generates inter alia those three pollutants. However, ground-level ozone had a negative correlation to other analyzed pollutants, as its concentration is usually increasing in the afternoon, contrary to other air pollutants [6]. This could be a result of photochemical processes, affected by solar radiation and ambient temperature [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, the O 3 concentrations had negative correlation with other pollutants. This was because in Poland the ground-level ozone reached the highest concentrations during early afternoon, resulting from occurrence of photo-chemical processes, while other pollutants had the highest concentrations in the morning, in the evening, or at night [6]. The calculated correlations were significant for the level 0.01, unless otherwise indicated in the tables.…”

Section: Source: Author'smentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For example, in Poland peak ground level ozone occurred usually at 15:00, nitrogen dioxide at 7:00-9:00 and 19:00-21:00, sulphur dioxide at 10:00-12:00, carbon monoxide at 6:00-8:00 and 20:00-22:00, PM 10 at 7:00-9:00 and 20:00-22:00 [6]. Source: [6] Although the air quality, at a specific site, depend on many factors, some common characteristics of changes could be determined using statistical methods. Therefore, in literature, the correlation coefficient is often used as a statistical tool to analyze the nature of changes in air pollution [13−16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlations between air pollutant concentrations in selected urban and rural areas in Poland

Stelęgowski

2019

Acta Innovations

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Correlations between concentrations of selected air pollutants were analyzed in different areas in central Poland from 2012-2016. Three neighboring voivodeships (Lower Silesian, Lodz, and Masovian), were selected for which specific measurement locations were designated in urban and rural areas. The characteristics of the location of monitoring stations allowed to distinguish the following types of measurement stations: “urbantransport”, “urban-background", "suburban-background", "town-background", and "rural-background". Therefore, using the Pearson's linear correlation coefficient, it was possible to analyze the interrelations between the occurrence of air pollution in various types of areas. It was found that the coefficient changed along with the type of area. Moreover, it turned out that the coefficient decreased in each voivodeship along with a decrease in the population density of the analyzed areas. In addition, concentrations of various air pollutants in given areas were compared. Also, it was observed that the strongest correlations occur between the results of calculations from measurement stations located in the same province.

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“…High concentrations of pollutants generated by human activity occur especially in industrial areas and cities, as well as in other spaces such as agricultural or recreational areas. These pollutants directly and indirectly affect the air quality not only around the source of the pollution, but also in the surrounding area [2][3][4][5][6][7]. The main pollutants according to criteria established for the protection of human health and plant protection are particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, and increasingly PM1.0) and gaseous pollutants such as benzene, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead, arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and benzo (a) pyrene in PM10 dust, as well as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis (Measurements at Heights of 10 m and 20 m above Ground Level) of the Concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0) and Gaseous Pollutants (H2S) on the University Campus: A Case Study

Cichowicz

Dobrzański

2021

Atmosphere

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Spatial analysis of the distribution of particulate matter PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas pollution was performed in the area around a university library building. The reasons for the subject matter were reports related to the perceptible odor characteristic of hydrogen sulfide and a general poor assessment of air quality by employees and students. Due to the area of analysis, it was decided to perform measurements at two heights, 10 m and 20 m above ground level, using measuring equipment attached to a DJI Matrice 600 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The aim of the measurements was air quality assessment and investigate the convergence of the theory of air flow around the building with the spatial distribution of air pollutants. Considerable differences of up to 63% were observed in the concentrations of pollutants measured around the building, especially between opposite sides, depending on the direction of the wind. To explain these differences, the theory of aerodynamics was applied to visualize the probable airflow in the direction of the wind. A strong convergence was observed between the aerodynamic model and the spatial distribution of pollutants. This was evidenced by the high concentrations of dust in the areas of strong turbulence at the edges of the building and on the leeward side. The accumulation of pollutants was also clearly noticeable in these locations. A high concentration of H2S was recorded around the library building on the side of the car park. On the other hand, the air turbulence around the building dispersed the gas pollution, causing the concentration of H2S to drop on the leeward side. It was confirmed that in some analyzed areas the permissible concentration of H2S was exceeded.

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Average Hourly Concentrations of Air Contaminants in Selected Urban, Town, and Rural Sites

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Analysis of NOx Pollution Characteristics in the Atmospheric Environment in Changchun City

Analysis of NOx Pollution Characteristics in the Atmospheric Environment in Changchun City

Correlations between air pollutant concentrations in selected urban and rural areas in Poland

Spatial Analysis (Measurements at Heights of 10 m and 20 m above Ground Level) of the Concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2.5, and PM1.0) and Gaseous Pollutants (H2S) on the University Campus: A Case Study

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