Aversive tension in patients with borderline personality disorder: a computer‐based controlled field study

Stiglmayr, Christian; Grathwol, T.; Linehan, Marsha M.; Ihorst, Gabriele; Fahrenberg, Jochen; Bohus, Martin

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00466.x

Cited by 239 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The latter regions have been addressed by numerous neuroimaging studies in patients with BPD, 2,3 although mostly within the context of cognitive, affective and somatosensory stimulation. Since a range of clinical features of BPD might especially occur in reaction to (mostly negative) experiences, 56 networks subserving cognitive control functions as a response to environmental demands might appear intact when studied under resting-state conditions. Thus, further research is needed to dissociate alterations of brain network connectivity during experimentally induced conditions and their interactions with baseline connectivity during the resting state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant connectivity of resting-state networks in borderline personality disorder

Wolf

Sambataro

Vasić

et al. 2011

jpn

109

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Background: Several functional neuroimaging studies have reported regionally abnormal activation of the frontal cortex in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) during cognitive and affective task performance. However, little is known about neural function in individuals with BPD during the resting state. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated the functional connectivity of prefrontal and limbic networks in patients with BPD. Methods: Between January 2009 and March 2010, we investigated patients with BPD according to DSM-IV criteria and healthy controls by means of resting-state fMRI. The data were analyzed using a spatial group independent component analysis, and random effects t tests were used to compare spatial components between groups (p < 0.005, uncorrected). Results: There were 17 women with BPD and 17 female healthy controls enrolled in this study. Within a network comprising cortical midline regions ("default mode network"), patients with BPD showed an increase in functional connectivity in the left frontopolar cortex (FPC) and the left insula, whereas decreased connectivity was found in the left cuneus. Within a network comprising predominantly right lateral prefrontal and bilateral parietal regions, patients with BPD showed decreased connectivity of the left inferior parietal lobule and the right middle temporal cortex compared with healthy controls. Two networks comprising lateral prefrontal and cingulate regions did not exhibit significant between-group differences. We found correlations between functional connectivity of the FPC and measures of impulsivity as well as between connectivity of the insula/cuneus and dissociation tension. Limitations: Co-occurrent axis I disorders and medication use in this sample of patients with BPD have to be considered as potential limitations. Conclusion: These data suggest that abnormal functional connectivity of temporally coherent resting-state networks may underlie certain symptom clusters in patients with BPD

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant connectivity of resting-state networks in borderline personality disorder

Wolf

Sambataro

Vasić

et al. 2011

jpn

109

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“…Domes et al [26] found that the recognition performance of BPD patients increased over the course of the experiment when compared to the controls, whereas Merkl et al [31] did not. Other studies found BPD patients to have difficulties in differentiating the perception of their own emotional states [9,32,33]. In sum, the studies on facial emotion recognition so far suggest that BPD is associated with subtle differences in facial emotion recognition, maybe best described as being biased towards a high sensitivity for social signals of threat and rejection, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Facial Reactions during Emotion Recognition in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Facial Electromyography Study

et al. 2013

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Background: Previous studies have suggested increased sensitivity for emotional facial expressions and subtle impairments in emotion recognition from facial expressions in borderline personality disorder (BPD). It has been proposed that facial mimicry contributes to emotion recognition of and emotional response to facial expressions. This study investigated whether BPD patients differ in facial reactions, emotion recognition and their subjective emotional response to faces showing different emotional expressions. Method: Twenty-eight female BPD patients and 28 healthy controls underwent a facial recognition task with dynamic facial pictures while facial muscle activity (occipitofrontalis, corrugator supercilii, levator labii superioris, zygomaticus major and orbicularis oculi) was recorded. Furthermore, participants rated the emotional intensity of the presented faces and the intensity of their subjective feeling of this emotion. Results: Compared to controls, BPD patients showed enhanced responses of the corrugator supercilii muscle in response to angry, sad and disgusted facial expressions, and attenuated responses of the levator labii superioris in response to happy and surprised faces. There were no overall group differences regarding emotion recognition performance or intensity ratings. Conclusion: These results do not support the view that facial recognition in BPD is impaired or that there is a general hypersensitivity to the emotional state of others. Instead, they suggest a negativity bias in BPD, expressed by reduced facial responding to positive social signals and increased facial responding to negative social signals. This is a pattern of facial reactions that might contribute to the difficulties in social interactions frequently reported by patients with this disorder.

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“…56 Acute dysfunctional behaviors characteristic of BPD often occur in reaction to stressful situations. 57 A specific vulnerability to stress (higher emotional intensity in response to stressors and a delayed return to baseline affect) has been proposed for individuals with BPD, 58 which might be associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). 59 Adults with BPD show an attenuated cortisol response to acute stress, 60 and this has also been found in adolescents engaging in repetitive NSSI.…”

Section: Neurobiological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

2014

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This is the 4th in our series on Adolescent Health. abstract Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common and severe mental disorder that is associated with severe functional impairment and a high suicide rate. BPD is usually associated with other psychiatric and personality disorders, high burden on families and carers, continuing resource utilization, and high treatment costs. BPD has been a controversial diagnosis in adolescents, but this is no longer justified. Recent evidence demonstrates that BPD is as reliable and valid among adolescents as it is in adults and that adolescents with BPD can benefit from early intervention. Consequently, adolescent BPD is now recognized in psychiatric classification systems and in national treatment guidelines. This review aims to inform practitioners in the field of adolescent health about the nature of BPD in adolescence and the benefits of early detection and intervention. BPD diagnosis and treatment should be considered part of routine practice in adolescent mental health to improve these individuals' well-being and long-term prognosis.

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Aversive tension in patients with borderline personality disorder: a computer‐based controlled field study

Abstract: The study provides support for the theory that patients with BPD experience more frequent, stronger, and longer-lasting states of aversive tension.

Cited by 239 publications

References 22 publications

Aberrant connectivity of resting-state networks in borderline personality disorder

Aberrant connectivity of resting-state networks in borderline personality disorder

Facial Reactions during Emotion Recognition in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Facial Electromyography Study

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence

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