Avian and mammalian “prefrontal cortices”: Limited degrees of freedom in the evolution of the neural mechanisms of goal-state maintenance

Güntürkün, Onur

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.02.004

Cited by 59 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Divac and coworkers [5,26] were the first to suggest that the avian NCL, what they called the postero-dorsolateral neostriatum, might correspond to the mammalian PFC. Since that time, considerable anatomical and behavioral evidence has led to the current view that although the NCL and PFC are not homologous structures, they are analogous structures [14,15]. Anatomically, both the PFC and NCL are the main integrative areas of the brain, ideally situated to serve the function of executive control by translating sensory information into action.…”

Section: The Avian Ncl: Analogue Of Pfc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, damage to the NCL and PFC result in impairments on delayed alternation and pattern-reversal tasks while having little or no effect on simultaneous visual discriminations and basic sensory processes [8,13,16,26]. In addition, blockade of D1 receptors in NCL and PFC both cause impairments on tasks sensitive to PFC and NCL damage [14,15]. In short, while not a homologue of the PFC, the NCL is clearly an analogue of the PFC.…”

Section: The Avian Ncl: Analogue Of Pfc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustained activation and executive control in the avian prefrontal cortex

Milmine

Rose

Colombo

2008

Brain Research Bulletin

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We review our studies examining neural correlates of directed forgetting and executive control in the avian prefrontal cortex. One of the fundamental forms of executive control is the ability to selectively filter information, retaining that which is critical for the current purposes and discarding that which is not. In our first experiment, we trained birds on a directed-forgetting version of a delayed matching-to-sample task. Following a sample stimulus, a bird heard either a remember tone indicating that a memory test would follow, or a forget tone indicating that no memory test would be given. We found that neural activity in the avian prefrontal cortex increased when the bird was told to remember, and decreased when the bird was told to forget. Behavioral probe tests confirmed that the animals were forgetting on forget trials.Although the sustained activation observed on remember trials and the absence of such activation on forget trials could be a code of remembering and forgetting the sample stimulus, it could also be a code of the possibility of obtaining a reward. To address this issue we conducted a second study in which we used three cues: remember, forget, and forget-reward. The forget-reward cue instructed the subject to forget the sample yet at the same time provided a free reward. Neural activity on forget-reward trials matched that on remember trials tentatively indicating that the sustained activation on remember trials might be a reward code rather than a sample stimulus code. Behavioral probe tests, however, failed to indicate that the animals were forgetting on forget-reward trials, and hence it still is possible that the sustained activation could be a code for memory of the sample stimulus. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Keywords: Sustained activation; Neural correlates of memory; Delay cells; Executive control; Prefrontal cortex; Nidopallium caudolaterale That we remember is self evident, yet how remembering is expressed in the activity of neurons is almost completely unknown. One possible mechanism that has been proposed is that of sustained activation [4,9,20]. Sustained activation is best understood with reference to the delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) task, a classic test of short-term memory in animals [23]. At the end of an intertrial interval (ITI), a sample stimulus (e.g., a circle or a line) is presented on the center of three projectors (see Fig. 1). After the subject makes a response to the sample stimulus, the sample stimulus is turned off for a period of time (delay) during which memory for the sample stimulus is activated. At the end of the delay period, both stimuli (circle and line) appear on the side projectors (comparison). A correct response requires * Corresponding author.E-mail address: colombo@psy.otago.ac.nz (M. Colombo). the subject to select the comparison stimulus that was the same as the sample stimulus. In the case of trial n in Fig. 1, the correct response is to press the circle stimulus, which results in a reward. Selecting the incorrect sti...

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Section: The Avian Ncl: Analogue Of Pfc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Avian Ncl: Analogue Of Pfc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained activation and executive control in the avian prefrontal cortex

Milmine

Rose

Colombo

2008

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…Evidence for prospective processing has also been found in the neural activity of cells in birds in a structure known as nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), the avian equivalent of the mammalian PFC (Güntürkün, 2005a(Güntürkün, , 2005b. Moll and Nieder (2015) trained two crows on an audio-visual conditional DMS task (Figure 7a) to select a blue square when the sample stimulus was a burst of noise, and the red square when the sample (2015) prospective coding study.…”

Section: Prospective Processing: Neural Studiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prospective Processing: Behavioural and Neural Evidence

Colombo

Klarer

Johnston

et al. 2017

Japanese Journal of Animal Psychology

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Whether animals can engage in prospective processing, looking ahead to what needs to be done, is an area of current interest in comparative cognition. We review some of the early behavioural and more recent neural evidence for prospective processing. Three classic behavioural studies, each adopting a different technique (confusion matrix design, samplecomparison mapping design, and modality-specific interference design), confirm that animals can engage in prospective processing. Mirroring these findings are more recent data that revealed neural evidence in favour of prospective processing. Overall, both behavioural and neural studies support the view that animals engage in prospective processing and plan for a future event. Key words：prospective processing, delayed matching-to-sample, delayed paired-associate task, planning for the future

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“…For example, damage to the NCL and PFC result in impairments on delayed alternation and pattern-reversal tasks while sparing performance on simultaneous visual discriminations and basic sensory processes (Fuster, 1997;Güntürkün, 1997a;Hartmann & Güntürkün, 1998;Mogensen & Divac, 1982. In addition, blockade of D1 receptors in the NCL and the PFC cause impairments on tasks sensitive to NCL and PFC damage (Güntürkün, 2005a(Güntürkün, , 2005b. In short, the evi- Browning, J.…”

Section: Avian Ncl Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophysiological Studies of Learning and Memory in Pigeons

Colombo¹,

Scarf²

2012

CCBR

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The literature on the neural basis of learning and memory is replete with studies using rats and monkey, but hardly any using pigeons. This is odd because so much of what we know about animal behavior comes from studies with pigeons. The unwillingness to use pigeons in neural studies of learning and memory probably stems from two factors, one that the avian brain is seen as radically different from the mammalian brain and as such can contribute little to its understanding, and the other that the behavior of pigeons is not seen as sophisticated as that of mammals, and certainly primates. Studies over the past few decades detailing the remarkable cognitive abilities of pigeons, as well as a newly revised nomenclature for the avian brain, should spark a renewed interest in using pigeons as models to understand the neural basis of learning and memory. Here we review studies on the pigeon's hippocampus and 'prefrontal cortex' and show that they provide information not only on the workings of the avian brain, but also shed light on the operation of the mammalian brain.

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Avian and mammalian “prefrontal cortices”: Limited degrees of freedom in the evolution of the neural mechanisms of goal-state maintenance

Cited by 59 publications

References 45 publications

Sustained activation and executive control in the avian prefrontal cortex

Sustained activation and executive control in the avian prefrontal cortex

Prospective Processing: Behavioural and Neural Evidence

Neurophysiological Studies of Learning and Memory in Pigeons

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