Avian H5N1 influenza virus infection causes severe pneumonia in the Northern tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)

Sanada, Takahiro; Yasui, Fumihiko; Honda, Tomoko; Kayesh, Mohammad Enamul Hoque; Takano, Junichiro; Shiogama, Yumiko; Yasutomi, Yasuhiro; Tsukiyama-Kohara, Kyoko; Kohara, Michinori

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.015

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that tree shrews infected with H1N1, H7N9, or H9N2 virus showed moderate respiratory symptoms and pathological signs (Yang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018;Sanada et al, 2019). Sanada et al reported that H5N1 infection induced severe clinical symptoms including pneumonia, fever, weight loss, and death in tree shrews (Sanada et al, 2019). However, in our study, tree shrews infected with H1N1, H5N1, or H7N9 virus did not show significant weight loss or obvious clinical signs (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that H1N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses replicate in the upper respiratory tract of tree shrews, which showed moderate respiratory symptoms and pathological signs (Yang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018). Furthermore, while our manuscript was in preparation, Sanada and colleagues documented the pathogenicity of H5N1 and H7N9 IAVs in tree shrews (Sanada et al, 2019). In the present study, we performed a more comprehensive and in-depth investigations and comparison of the suitability of the tree shrew as an animal model for the study of three different IAV subtypes from various species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In the worst cases, influenza virus may cause pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, and even death (Carrat et al, 2008). Previous studies have demonstrated that tree shrews infected with H1N1, H7N9, or H9N2 virus showed moderate respiratory symptoms and pathological signs (Yang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018;Sanada et al, 2019). Sanada et al reported that H5N1 infection induced severe clinical symptoms including pneumonia, fever, weight loss, and death in tree shrews (Sanada et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2013, Yang et al analyzed the distribution of ɑ2,3 and ɑ2,6 sialic acid receptors in the respiratory tract of tree shrew (Yang et al, 2013), and investigated the pathological change, seroconversion, and cytokine response of tree shrews infected with H1N1, H9N2 IAVs, and influenza B virus (Yang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018;Yuan et al, 2019). Most recently, Sanada et al assessed the pathogenicity of H5N1 and H7N9 IAVs in tree shrews and found that H5N1 influenza virus infection caused severe diffuse pneumonia with fever and weight loss; in contrast, H7N9 influenza virus infection caused focal pneumonia in this tree shrew model (Sanada et al, 2019). These studies suggested that tree shrews could be a useful alternative mammalian model to study the pathogenesis of influenza virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Pandemic H1N1, Avian H5N1, and Human H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Tree Shrews

Yang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Influenza A viruses (IAVs) continuously challenge the poultry industry and human health. Studies of IAVs are still hampered by the availability of suitable animal models. Chinese tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) are closely related to primates physiologically and genetically, which make them a potential animal model for human diseases. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated infectivity and transmissibility in Chinese tree shrews by using pandemic H1N1 (A/Sichuan/1/2009, pdmH1N1), avian-origin H5N1 (A/Chicken/ Gansu/2/2012, H5N1) and early human-origin H7N9 (A/Suzhou/SZ19/2014, H7N9) IAVs. We found that these viruses replicated efficiently in primary tree shrew cells and tree shrews without prior adaption. Pathological lesions in the lungs of the infected tree shrews were severe on day 3 post-inoculation, although clinic symptoms were self-limiting. The pdmH1N1 and H7N9 viruses, but not the H5N1 virus, transmitted among tree shrews by direct contact. Interestingly, we also observed that unadapted H7N9 virus could transmit from tree shrews to naïve guinea pigs. Virus-inoculated tree shrews generated a strong humoral immune response and were protected from challenge with homologous virus. Taken together, our findings suggest the Chinese tree shrew would be a useful mammalian model to study the pathogenesis and transmission of IAVs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Pandemic H1N1, Avian H5N1, and Human H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Tree Shrews

Yang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Therefore, it is being developed to be an experimental animal that could be an alternative to primates in biomedical research due to its unique characteristics 16 . In fact, tree shrew has been used for several animal models of virus infections, including hepatitis B 17 , influenza virus [18][19][20] , and Zika virus 21 . However, Tupaia model of high pathogenic viruses has not been reported yet, including SARS-CoV-2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of tree shrew to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Zhao

Wang

Kuang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Since SARS-CoV-2 became a pandemic event in the world, it has not only caused huge economic losses, but also a serious threat to global public health.Many scientific questions about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 were raised and urgently need to be answered, including the susceptibility of animals to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we tested whether tree shrew, an emerging experimental animal domesticated from wild animal, is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. No clinical signs were observed in SARS-CoV-2 inoculated tree shrews during this experiment except the increasing body temperature (above 39 ) particular in female animals during infection. Low levels of virus shedding and replication in tissues occurred in all three age groups, each of which showed his own characteristics. Histopathological examine revealed that pulmonary abnormalities were mild but the main changes although slight lesions were also observed in other tissues. In summary, tree shrew is not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and may not be a suitable animal for COVID-19 related researches.

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Bats, pangolins, minks and other animals - villains or victims of SARS-CoV-2?

et al. 2021

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is caused by the severe acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has become unstoppable, spreading rapidly worldwide and, consequently, reaching a pandemic level. This review aims to provide the information available so far on the likely animal origin of SARS-CoV-2 and its possible hosts/reservoirs as well as all natural animal infections and experimental evidence using animal models. Horseshoe bats from the species Rhinolophus affinis seem to be a natural reservoir and pangolins (Manis javanica) appear to be an intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2. Humans remain the most likely spreading source of SARS-CoV-2 to other humans and also to domestic, zoo and farm animals. Indeed, human-to-animal transmission has been reported in cats, dogs, tigers, lions, a puma and minks. Animal-to-human transmission is not a sustained pathway, although mink-to-human transmission remains to be elucidated. Through experimental infections, other animals seem also to be susceptible hosts for SARS-CoV-2, namely ferrets, some non-human primate species, hamsters and transgenic mice, while dogs, pigs and poultry are resistant. A One Health perspective must be implemented in order to develop epidemiological surveillance and establish disease control mechanisms to limit zoonotic transmission. Moreover, research in this field is important to better understand SARS-CoV-2 and to obtain the long-awaited vaccine and specific treatment.

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Avian H5N1 influenza virus infection causes severe pneumonia in the Northern tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Pandemic H1N1, Avian H5N1, and Human H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Tree Shrews

Comparative Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Pandemic H1N1, Avian H5N1, and Human H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Tree Shrews

Susceptibility of tree shrew to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Bats, pangolins, minks and other animals - villains or victims of SARS-CoV-2?

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