Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Infections, Shanghai, China

Zeng, Mei; Lu, Shui-Hua; Wu, Xin; Shao, Lingyun; Yu, Hui; Wang, Jiali; Li, Tao; Zhang, Haixia; Wang, Xiaohong; Yang, Feifei; Jin, Jialin; Zhang, Ying; Zhang, Wenhong

doi:10.3201/eid1907.130523

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A longer disease duration was found to be associated with a reduced risk of death in our study. Previous studies also reported that the disease duration of fatal cases was shorter than that of patients who recovered . Infections with several avian influenza subtypes, such as H9N2, H7N7, H7N2, H7N3, H10N7 and H6N1, are commonly regarded as self‐limiting diseases, and essential supportive care has been proved to be effective for recovery .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors for fatal human infections with avian H7N9 influenza, evidence from four epidemic waves in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China, 2013‐2016

Huang

Chen

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundFour epidemic waves of human infection with H7N9 have been recorded in China up to 1 June 2016, including in Jiangsu Province. However, few studies have investigated the differences in patients' characteristics among the four epidemic waves, and the analyses of factors associated with fatal infection lacked statistical power in previous studies due to limited sample size.MethodsAll laboratory‐confirmed A(H7N9) patients in Jiangsu province were analysed. Patients' characteristics were compared across four waves and between survivors and those who died. Multivariate analyses were used to identify independent predictors of death.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the lengths of several time intervals (from onset of disease to laboratory confirmation, to onset of ARDS and respiratory failure, and to death) and in the development of heart failure. The proportions of overweight patients and rural patients increased significantly across the four waves. Administration of glucocorticoids and double‐dose neuraminidase inhibitors became the norm. Predictors of death included complications such as ARDS, heart failure and septic shock, administration of glucocorticoids, and disease duration.ConclusionCharacteristics of H7N9 patients and clinical treatment options changed over time. Particular complications and the use of particular treatment, along with disease duration, could help clinicians predict the outcome of H7N9 infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors for fatal human infections with avian H7N9 influenza, evidence from four epidemic waves in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China, 2013‐2016

Huang

Chen

et al. 2017

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…The following lines of evidence suggest that contact with live poultry is the source of human H7N9 virus infection: (i) most H7N9 patients had been exposed to live poultry prior to the onset of illness 10, 11, 19–21, 27–29, 31–33, 37–43 ; (ii) surveillance in live bird markets resulted in the isolation of H7N9 viruses with close homology to the H7N9 viruses isolated from humans in the same area 9–13, 41 ; (iii) a worker who had culled H7N9 virus-infected poultry developed a mild illness that was traced to a confirmed H7N9 virus infection 44 ; and (iv) serological surveillance of poultry workers in areas where human cases had been reported revealed antibodies to H7N9 viruses in >6% of the individuals tested, whereas no antibodies to H7N9 viruses were detected in the general population 45 . Collectively, these findings suggest an association between human H7N9 infections and poultry, likely in live bird markets, as underscored by the rapid decline in human H7N9 infections upon closure of these markets in mid-April, 2013 15–17 .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Human H7n9 Virus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic potential of avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses

Watanabe¹,

Watanabe²,

Maher³

et al. 2014

Trends in Microbiology

100

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Avian influenza viruses rarely infect humans, but the recently emerged avian H7N9 influenza viruses have caused sporadic infections in humans in China, resulting in 440 confirmed cases with 122 fatalities as of May 16, 2014. In addition, epidemiologic surveys suggest that there have been asymptomatic or mild human infections with H7N9 viruses. These viruses replicate efficiently in mammals, show limited transmissibility in ferrets and guinea pigs, and possess mammalian-adapting amino acid changes that likely contribute to their ability to infect mammals. Here, we summarize the characteristic features of the novel H7N9 viruses and assess their pandemic potential.

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“…The most severe pandemic occurred in 1918 when an influenza virus crossed over from birds to humans and killed an estimated 50–100 million people with a mortality rate of ~2–2.5% (4). Recently a number of influenza viruses (H5N1 and H7N9) have emerged with pandemic potential and even greater mortality rates of up to 60% but have not yet reached sustained transmission in humans (5, 6). In April 2009, a novel strain of H1N1 influenza jumped from swine into humans and infected over 200 million people globally resulting in the first influenza pandemic of the 21 st century.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Influenza as a Cause of Cardiopulmonary Morbidity and Mortality

Fischer

Gong

Bhagwanjee

et al. 2014

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Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI), including influenza, are a leading cause of cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality worldwide. Until recently the epidemiology of influenza was limited to resource-rich countries. Emerging epidemiological reports characterizing the 2009 H1N1 pandemic however suggest that influenza exerts an even greater toll in low-income resource constrained environments where it is the cause of 5–27% of all SARI. The increased burden of disease in this setting is multifactorial and likely is the results of higher rates of comorbidities such as HIV, decreased access to healthcare including vaccinations and antiviral medications, and limited healthcare infrastructure including oxygen therapy or critical care support. Improved global epidemiology of influenza is desperately needed in order to guide allocation of life saving resources including vaccines, antiviral medications, and direct the improvement of basic health care in order to mitigate the impact of influenza infection on the most vulnerable populations.

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Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Infections, Shanghai, China

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Predictors for fatal human infections with avian H7N9 influenza, evidence from four epidemic waves in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China, 2013‐2016

Predictors for fatal human infections with avian H7N9 influenza, evidence from four epidemic waves in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China, 2013‐2016

Pandemic potential of avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses

Global Burden of Influenza as a Cause of Cardiopulmonary Morbidity and Mortality

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