Avian influenza virus in migratory wild birds and poultry in the United States

Azeem, Shahan

doi:10.31274/etd-20210114-9

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 140 publications

(202 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study was conducted to assess the positivity rate, subtype diversity, and molecular characteristics of the LPAIV of non-H5/H7 subtypes in non-mallard MWs sampled during the 2006–2011 USDA’s AIV surveillance study [ 11 , 16 ]. The study also compared the positivity rate and subtypes of LPAIV in non-mallard MWs to those in mallard ducks and poultry during the study period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Non-H5 and Non-H7 Avian Influenza Viruses from Non-Mallard Migratory Waterbirds of the North American Flyways, 2006–2011

Azeem,

Baroch,

Tewari

et al. 2024

Pathogens

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The surveillance of migratory waterbirds (MWs) for avian influenza virus (AIV) is indispensable for the early detection of a potential AIV incursion into poultry. Surveying AIV infections and virus subtypes in understudied MW species could elucidate their role in AIV ecology. Oropharyngeal–cloacal (OPC) swabs were collected from non-mallard MWs between 2006 and 2011. OPC swabs (n = 1158) that molecularly tested positive for AIV (Cts ≤ 32) but tested negative for H5 and H7 subtypes were selected for virus isolation (VI). The selected samples evenly represented birds from all four North American flyways (Pacific, Central, Mississippi, and Atlantic). Eighty-seven low pathogenic AIV isolates, representing 31 sites in 17 states, were recovered from the samples. All isolates belonged to the North American lineage. The samples representing birds from the Central Flyway had the highest VI positive rate (57.5%) compared to those from the other flyways (10.3–17.2%), suggesting that future surveillance can focus on the Central Flyway. Of the isolates, 43.7%, 12.6%, and 10.3% were obtained from blue-winged teal, American wigeon, and American black duck species, respectively. Hatch-year MWs represented the majority of the isolates (70.1%). The most common H and N combinations were H3N8 (23.0%), H4N6 (18.4%), and H4N8 (18.4%). The HA gene between non-mallard and mallard MW isolates during the same time period shared 85.5–99.5% H3 identity and 89.3–99.7% H4 identity. Comparisons between MW (mallard and non-mallard) and poultry H3 and H4 isolates also revealed high similarity (79.0–99.0% and 88.7–98.4%), emphasizing the need for continued AIV surveillance in MWs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%