AVIAN POXVIRUS INFECTION IN A FLAMINGO (<i>PHOENICOPTERUS RUBER</i>) OF THE LISBON ZOO

Henriques, A.; Fagulha, Teresa; Duarte, Margarida; Ramos, Fernanda; Barros, Sílvia C.; Luís, Tiago; Bernardino, Rui; Fernandes, Teresa L.; Lapão, Narciso; Silva, José Ferreira da; Fevereiro, Miguel

doi:10.1638/2011-0101.1

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A second case was reported in a young American flamingo housed at the Lisbon zoo. Phylogenetic analysis based on P4b and the CNPV 186–187 fragment showed this isolate to group in clade B2 with the highest identity to isolates from various species of bustard [ 24 ]. Another case occurred at a zoo in Japan but the infection was noted in two, young Greater flamingos ( Phoenicopterus roseus ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of avian poxvirus genomes, including a novel poxvirus from lesser flamingos (Phoenicopterus minor), highlights the lack of conservation of the central region

2017

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BackgroundAvian poxviruses are important pathogens of both wild and domestic birds. To date, seven isolates from subclades A and B and one from proposed subclade E, have had their genomes completely sequenced. The genomes of these isolates have been shown to exhibit typical poxvirus genome characteristics with conserved central regions and more variable terminal regions. Infection with avian poxviruses (APVs) has been reported in three species of captive flamingo, as well as a free-living, lesser flamingo at Kamfers dam, near Kimberley, South Africa. This study was undertaken to further characterise this virus which may have long term effects on this important and vulnerable, breeding population.ResultsGene content and synteny as well as percentage identities between conserved orthologues was compared between Flamingopox virus (FGPV) and the other sequenced APV genomes. Dotplot comparisons revealed major differences in central regions that have been thought to be conserved. Further analysis revealed five regions of difference, of differing lengths, spread across the central, conserved regions of the various genomes. Although individual gene identities at the nucleotide level did not vary greatly, gene content and synteny between isolates/species at these identified regions were more divergent than expected.ConclusionBasic comparative genomics revealed the expected similarities in genome architecture but an in depth, comparative, analysis showed all avian poxvirus genomes to differ from other poxvirus genomes in fundamental and unexpected ways. The reasons for these large genomic rearrangements in regions of the genome that were thought to be relatively conserved are yet to be elucidated. Sequencing and analysis of further avian poxvirus genomes will help characterise this complex genus of poxviruses.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4315-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of avian poxvirus genomes, including a novel poxvirus from lesser flamingos (Phoenicopterus minor), highlights the lack of conservation of the central region

2017

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“…CNPV-PD1 was the predominant sequence in southern Spain in 2013 (100% in natural and 83% in agricultural areas), but it was less common in 2014 (50% in natural and urban areas), though this variation was not statistically significant. This strain shows 100% identity to an APV from an american flamingo ( Phoenicopterus ruber ruber ) at Lisbon Zoo, Portugal (HQ875129) [a houbara bustard ( Chlamydotis undulata ) in Morocco (LK021660), a great bustard ( Otis tarda ) in Hungary (KC018066) [7,10,31] and shares 70% similarity to FWPV and CNPV. This sequence shows two amino acid insertions and one deletion at the N-terminal sequenced region compared to all other APV strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three strains have been found that infect house sparrows in Spain, CNPV-PD1 to CNPV-PD3, although CNPV-PD3, highly similar to CNPV-PD2, has been identified only from a museum skin collected from central Spain in 1911 [23]. The genotype CNPV-PD1 has been detected infecting other species in the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa (Lisbon and Morocco) [10,23,31]. Although the subclade B2 consists of isolates from Sturnidae (starlings and mynahs), to date no APV has been detected in Sturnidae in Spain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Avipoxvirus in House Sparrows in Spain

et al. 2016

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Avipoxvirus (APV) is a fairly common virus affecting birds that causes morbidity and mortality in wild and captive birds. We studied the prevalence of pox-like lesions and genetic diversity of APV in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in natural, agricultural and urban areas in southern Spain in 2013 and 2014 and in central Spain for 8 months (2012–2013). Overall, 3.2% of 2,341 house sparrows visually examined in southern Spain had cutaneous lesions consistent with avian pox. A similar prevalence (3%) was found in 338 birds from central Spain. Prevalence was higher in hatch-year birds than in adults. We did not detect any clear spatial or temporal patterns of APV distribution. Molecular analyses of poxvirus-like lesions revealed that 63% of the samples were positive. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of 29 DNA sequences from the fpv167 gene, detected two strains belonging to the canarypox clade (subclades B1 and B2) previously found in Spain. One of them appears predominant in Iberia and North Africa and shares 70% similarity to fowlpox and canarypox virus. This APV strain has been identified in a limited number of species in the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco and Hungary. The second one has a global distribution and has been found in numerous wild bird species around the world. To our knowledge, this represents the largest study of avian poxvirus disease in the broadly distributed house sparrow and strongly supports the findings that Avipox prevalence in this species in South and central Spain is moderate and the genetic diversity low.

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“…in different species of flamingos housed in zoological institutions. 1,9,21 This lower occurrence in captive birds compared to free-ranging ones is likely due to a lower exposure to blood-sucking or biting arthropods, which are believed to be the main route of transmission of poxviruses. 2 This disease has been well documented in a captive breeding program of houbara bustards (Chlamydotis spp.…”

Section: Birds Poxviral Infections Have Been Documentedmentioning

confidence: 99%