Avian Reovirus σB Interacts with Caveolin-1 in Lipid Rafts during Dynamin-Dependent Caveolae-Mediated Endocytosis

Abstract

Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is the basic component of caveolae, a specialized form of lipid raft that plays an essential role in endocytic viral entry. However, the evidence of direct involvement of caveolae and Cav-1 in avian reovirus (ARV) entry remains insufficient. In this study, the membrane lipid rafts were isolated as detergent-resistant microdomains (DRMs) by sucrose gradient centrifugation, and the capsid protein σB of ARV was found to associate with Cav-1 in DRMs fractions. Additionally, the interaction between ARV σB protein and Cav-1 was demonstrated by immunofluorescence co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, we found that the internalization of ARV is sensitive to caveolae and dynamin inhibitors, while it is insensitive to clathrin inhibitors. In conclusion, these results indicate that the ARV σB protein interacts with Cav-1 during dynamin-dependent caveolae-mediated endocytosis for the entry of ARV.

Interleukin‐37 inhibits desmoglein‐3 endocytosis and keratinocyte dissociation via upregulation of Caveolin‐1 and inhibition of the STAT3 pathway

“…24 As a palmitoylated lipid raft protein, Cav-1 plays an important role in biological processes such as vesicle transport, endocytosis and signal transduction. 25,26 Some studies have found that Cav-1 can regulate the endocytosis of cell membrane receptor proteins and affect their stability on the cell membrane. 25 Dsg3 and Cav-1 were confirmed to co-localize on the cell surface and inside the cell.…”

“…25,26 Some studies have found that Cav-1 can regulate the endocytosis of cell membrane receptor proteins and affect their stability on the cell membrane. 25 Dsg3 and Cav-1 were confirmed to co-localize on the cell surface and inside the cell. 13 This study revealed that IL-37 upregulates Cav-1 expression and increases the co-localization of Cav-1 and Dsg3 at the cell periphery.…”

“…Disruption of lipid rafts not only inhibits desmosome disassembly but also prevents desmosome assembly and weakens keratinocyte intercellular adhesion 24 . As a palmitoylated lipid raft protein, Cav‐1 plays an important role in biological processes such as vesicle transport, endocytosis and signal transduction 25,26 . Some studies have found that Cav‐1 can regulate the endocytosis of cell membrane receptor proteins and affect their stability on the cell membrane 25 .…”

Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase suppresses avian reovirus replication by its enzymatic product 25-hydroxycholesterol

“…To investigate whether 25HC restricts ARV infection at the viral entry stage, DF-1 cells were mock-treated or pre-treated with 25HC (2.5, 5 or 10 μM) at 37°C for 12 h, followed by infecting cells with 1 MOI ARV at 37°C for 1 h ( Doms et al, 2018 ). The inoculum was removed, and the bound but unpenetrated virions were inactivated by citrate buffer as previously described ( Wang Y. et al, 2022 ). The ARV replication levels in cells were evaluated using qRT-PCR and Western blotting at 24 hpi.…”

Microbe-host interactions: structure and functions of Gram-negative bacterial membrane vesicles

“…Sphingolipid and cholesterol are abundant in the structural regions known as plasma membrane lipid rafts ( Mulcahy et al, 2014 ). The cholesterol-rich regions of the bilayer aggregate and cause the membrane to bend, which leads to host cells invasions and particle entry into the cells ( Wang et al, 2022 ). Early research established that the enterotoxin-producing E. coli MVs enter host cells via lipid rafts at different temperatures ( Kesty et al, 2004 ).…”