Avian Riboflavinuria

Tarhay, S. L.; Buss, E. G.; Clagett, C. O.

doi:10.3382/ps.0540562

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Riboflavin-binding protein, synthesized by the chicken liver in response to estrogen, 58 is secreted into the blood and transferred to the growing follicles. 59 The accumulation of riboflavin in embryo tissues on E14 coincides with the riboflavin-binding protein disappearance from the egg yolk and egg white compartments, 60 consistent with the observation of a decreased relative abundance observed in egg yolk after E12. 57 The alterations of egg yolk proteome at different times (E0, E7, E14, and E18) were analyzed to further study the dynamics of egg yolk proteins during the entire period.…”

Section: ■ Egg Omics During Embryonic Developmentsupporting

confidence: 78%

Omics as a Window To Unravel the Dynamic Changes of Egg Components during Chicken Embryonic Development

Meng

Qiu

Guyonnet³

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Chicken egg, as a completely aseptic and self-sufficient biological entity, contains all of the components required for embryonic development. As such, it constitutes not only an excellent model to study the mechanisms of early embryo nutrition and disease origin but can also be used to develop egg-based products with specific applications. Different omics disciplines, like transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, represent promising approaches to assess nutritional and functional molecules in eggs under development. However, these individual molecules do not act in isolation during the dynamic embryogenic process (e.g., migration, transportation, and absorption). Unless we integrate the information from all of these omics disciplines, there will remain an unbridged gap in the systematic and holistic assessment of the information from one omics level to the other. This integrative review of the dynamic molecular processes of the different chicken egg components involved in embryo development describes the critical interplay between the egg components and their implications in immunity, hematopoiesis, organ formation, and nutrient transport functions during the embryonic process.

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Section: ■ Egg Omics During Embryonic Developmentsupporting

confidence: 78%

Omics as a Window To Unravel the Dynamic Changes of Egg Components during Chicken Embryonic Development

Meng

Qiu

Guyonnet³

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…[8,9] While plausible, it is still not clear how halobacterial dodecins actually switch between storage and release, since the dodecin of H. salinarum (HsDod) is constantly present in the cell, [7] whereas the avian RbF binding protein is degraded after a certain time during the embryonal development in the egg. [10][11][12] The dodecin protein family is not limited to archaea and dodecin encoding genes are ubiquitous spread among the different Phyla of bacteria. Despite this, so far, only the bacterial dodecins of Halorhodospira halophila (H. halophila; HhDod) [5,7] , Thermus thermophilus (T.…”

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confidence: 99%

The dodecin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis : biological function and biotechnical applications

Bourdeaux¹

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Biological Function of Bacterial Dodecins In this thesis, the dodecins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtDod), Streptomyces coelicolor (ScDod) and Streptomyces davaonensis (SdDod) were studied. Kinetic measurements of the flavin binding of MtDod revealed that the dodecin binding pocket is filled in two distinct steps, for which a kinetic model then was established and verified by experimental data. The analysis with the two-step model showed that the unique binding pocket of dodecins allows them to bind excessive amounts of flavins, while at low flavin concentrations, flavin is released and only weakly bound. This function of flavin buffering prevents accumulation of free oxidised flavins and therefore helps to keep the redox balance of the cell and prevents potential cell damage caused by excessive free flavins. To further gain insights into the role of bacterial dodecins, the effect of knocking out the dodecin encoding gene in S. davaonensis was analysed. The knockout strain showed increased concentrations of various stress related metabolites, indicating that without dodecin the cellular balance is disrupted, which supports the role of dodecins as a flavin homeostasis factor. With a self-designed affinity measurement method based on the temperature dependent dissociation of the dodecin:flavin complex, which allowed parallel screening of multiple conditions, it was shown that MtDod, ScDod and SdDod have much higher affinities towards FMN and FAD under acidic conditions. Under these conditions, the three dodecins might function as a FMN storage. M. tuberculosis encounters multiple acidic environments during its infection cycle of humans and can adopt a state of dormancy. During recovery from the dormant state, a flavin storage might be beneficial. For some Streptomyces species it was reported that the formed spores are slightly acidic and therefore ScDod and SdDod could function as flavin storages for the spores. Further details on the flavin binding mechanism of MtDod were revealed by a mutagenesis study, identifying the importance of a histidine residue at the fourth position of the protein sequence for flavin binding, but contrary to expectations, this residue seems only to be partly involved in the pH related affinity shift. The data, reported in this thesis, demonstrates that bacterial dodecins likely function as flavin homeostasis factors, which allow overall higher flavin pools in the cell without disrupting the cellular balance. Further, the reported acid-dependent increase in binding affinity suggests that under certain conditions bacterial dodecins can also function as a flavin storage system. Application of the Dodecin of M. tuberculosis In this thesis, the stability of MtDod, ScDod SdDod and HsDod was analysed to find a suitable dodecin for the use as a carrier/scaffold. Therefore, a method to easily measure the stability of dodecins was designed, which measures the ability of the dodecamer to rebind flavins after a heating phase with stepwise increasing temperatures. Using this assay and testing the stability against detergents by SDS PAGE, showed that the dodecamer of MtDod possesses an excellent stability against a vast array of conditions, like temperatures above 95 °C, low pH and about 2% SDS. By solving the crystal structure of ScDod and SdDod, the latter forming a less stable dodecamer, combined with a mutagenesis study, the importance of a specific salt bridge for dodecamer stability was revealed and might be helpful to find further highly stable dodecins. In addition to the intrinsic high stability of the MtDod dodecamer, also the robustness of the fold was tested by creating diverse MtDod fusion constructs and producing them in Escherichia coli. Here it was shown that MtDod easily tolerates the attachment of proteins up to 4-times of its own size and that both termini can be modified without affecting the dodecamer noticeably. Further, it was shown that MtDod and many MtDod fusion constructs could be purified in high yields via a protocol based on the removal of E. coli proteins through heat denaturation and subsequent centrifugation. In a case study, by fusing diverse antigens from mostly human proteins to MtDod and using these constructs to produce antibodies in rabbits, it was demonstrated that MtDod is immunogenic and presents the attached antigens to the immune system. The here reported properties of MtDod and to a lesser degree of other bacterial dodecins, show that bacterial dodecins are a valuable addition to the pool of scaffold and carrier proteins and have great potential as antigen carriers.

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Distribution and properties of flavokinase in the developing chick embryo

McCormick

1982

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Bio

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Avian Riboflavinuria

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Omics as a Window To Unravel the Dynamic Changes of Egg Components during Chicken Embryonic Development

Omics as a Window To Unravel the Dynamic Changes of Egg Components during Chicken Embryonic Development

The dodecin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis : biological function and biotechnical applications

Distribution and properties of flavokinase in the developing chick embryo

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