Avoiding tar formation in biocoke production from waste biomass

Effects of Pretreatments of Napier Grass with Deionized Water, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide on Pyrolysis Oil Characteristics

“…Density, viscosity and higher heating value of the oil increased with decreasing water content. Similar observations in the properties of bio-oil with respect to water content have been reported in literatures [82,83,86,87]. Ultimate analysis of bio-oil reveals its carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur contents.…”

“…Other chemical species such as organic acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters and some nitrogen and sulfur containing organic compounds were also detected. [55,87,90]. The high yield of phenolics in the oil from the pretreated samples could be attributed to the reduction in the ash content of the original biomass during pretreatments since the ash tends to catalyze pyrolysis reactions which generally lead to degradation and polymerization of the intermediate products [90].…”

Optimization of Charcoal Production Process from Woody Biomass Waste: Effect of Ni-Containing Catalysts on Pyrolysis Vapors

“…The reactivity of the charcoal decreases along with the increase of its fixed carbon content and the loss of volatiles, which occurs at the highest temperatures. Overall, the charcoal obtained in the present study is a good fuel due to the higher heating value (HHV) that exceeds 32 MJ kg −1 (at 700 and 900 • C), thus being even higher than that of conventional coals (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)…”

“…The gases obtained at very high temperatures (700-900 • C) in the presence of Ni-containing catalysts are rich in H 2 and CO, which makes them valuable for energy production, as hydrogen source, producer gas or reducing agent.in countries which combine a reliable biomass supply and a steelmaking industrial fabric, such as Brazil [22].Aiming to make the process of obtaining charcoal from biomass more sustainable and profitable, an essential aspect to investigate is the use of the derivate co-products, gas and liquids [23][24][25]. If charcoal production is carried out at very high temperatures (700-1000 • C) and slow heating rates (carbonization), the process yields more gas than liquid fraction, and the properties of the gas are more promising than those of the liquid fraction, which is mainly composed of tars and water [26]. Therefore, the objective of optimization of charcoal production must focus on maximizing the production of gas together with the reduction of the generated tars and water, in order to obtain a large quantity of clean gas with high added value, as it happens in gasification.Many studies [27][28][29] indicate that achieving complete removal of the tars only by heat treatment is very difficult; however, elimination of tars in biomass gasification processes through the use of catalysts at high temperatures is a widespread accepted technique.…”

“…Aiming to make the process of obtaining charcoal from biomass more sustainable and profitable, an essential aspect to investigate is the use of the derivate co-products, gas and liquids [23][24][25]. If charcoal production is carried out at very high temperatures (700-1000 • C) and slow heating rates (carbonization), the process yields more gas than liquid fraction, and the properties of the gas are more promising than those of the liquid fraction, which is mainly composed of tars and water [26]. Therefore, the objective of optimization of charcoal production must focus on maximizing the production of gas together with the reduction of the generated tars and water, in order to obtain a large quantity of clean gas with high added value, as it happens in gasification.…”