Avoiding the trap: Mechanisms developed by pathogens to escape neutrophil extracellular traps

Ríos-López., Ana L.; González, Gloria M.; Hernández-Bello, Romel; Sánchez-González, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2020.126644

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…While exaggerated NET release might be associated with deteriorated conditions, neutrophil activation and NETs might also exert beneficial effects following burn trauma. One of the primary functions of NETs is capturing pathogens 17 and a reasonable level of local NETosis might help to reduce risk of infectious diseases and to prevent pathogen entry at sites with compromised barrier function due to burn injury. In addition, neutrophils are sentinels of the immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophils are implicated in the host defense against pathogens, whereby antimicrobial activity is exerted by phagocytosis, release of effector molecules, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) 17 . Activated protein-arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) catalyzes citrullination of histones, which results in chromatin decondensation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

Laggner

Lingitz

Copic

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Burn injuries elicit a unique and dynamic stress response which can lead to burn injury progression. Though neutrophils represent crucial players in the burn-induced immunological events, the dynamic secretion pattern and systemic levels of neutrophil-derived factors have not been investigated in detail so far. Serum levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and complement factor C3a were quantified in burn victims over 4 weeks post injury. Furthermore, the potential association with mortality, degree of burn injury, and inhalation trauma was evaluated. In addition, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were assessed. Lastly, we analyzed the association of neutrophil-derived factors with clinical severity scoring systems. Serum levels of NE, MPO, CitH3, and C3a were remarkably elevated in burn victims compared to healthy controls. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly increased on admission day and day 1, while relative lymphocytes were decreased in the first 7 days post burn trauma. Though neutrophil-derived factors did not predict mortality, patients suffering from 3rd degree burn injuries displayed increased CitH3 and NE levels. Accordingly, CitH3 and NE were elevated in cases with higher abbreviated burn severity indices (ABSI). Taken together, our data suggest a role for neutrophil activation and NETosis in burn injuries and burn injury progression. Targeting exacerbated neutrophil activation might represent a new therapeutic option for severe cases of burn injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

Laggner

Lingitz

Copic

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Neutrophils play an important role in the elimination of pathogens via the Neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) formation. NETs are part of the defense process of the immune system where neutrophils create physical barriers to capturing and preventing the spread of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms) in the extracellular medium [150] , [151] , [152] . Regarding the inflammatory process, it appears that Se-deficiency (possibly associated with the reduction of SELENOS) plays a role in the ROS-mediated NETs formation in an avian model of arteritis [153] , [154] .…”

Section: Se Involvement In the Immune And Inflammatory Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between selenium status, selenoproteins and COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases: A critical review

Golin

Tinkov

Aschner

et al. 2023

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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“…This phenomenon has also been observed in different mammalian species, birds, fish, invertebrates, and plants ( 9 ). However, it is also known that certain pathogens have developed strategies to avoid the killing effects of extracellular traps (ETs) by secreting a polysaccharide capsule, forming biofilms, undergoing cell surface modifications, and inhibiting ET formation ( 10 ). The main components of ETs are granule proteins and DNA, therefore it was predicted that extracellular nucleases could directly degrade the ETs’ scaffold DNA, providing an effective way for pathogens to escape the ET defensive network structures ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-Derived Nucleases: An Effective Weapon for Escaping Extracellular Traps

et al. 2022

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Since the 2004 publication of the first study describing extracellular traps (ETs) from human neutrophils, several reports have shown the presence of ETs in a variety of different animals and plants. ETs perform two important functions of immobilizing and killing invading microbes and are considered a novel part of the phagocytosis-independent, innate immune extracellular defense system. However, several pathogens can release nucleases that degrade the DNA backbone of ETs, reducing their effectiveness and resulting in increased pathogenicity. In this review, we examined the relevant literature and summarized the results on bacterial and fungal pathogens and parasites that produce nucleases to evade the ET-mediated host antimicrobial mechanism.

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Avoiding the trap: Mechanisms developed by pathogens to escape neutrophil extracellular traps

Cited by 37 publications

References 75 publications

Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation

Relationship between selenium status, selenoproteins and COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases: A critical review

Pathogen-Derived Nucleases: An Effective Weapon for Escaping Extracellular Traps

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