Awareness and current knowledge of breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a worldwide public health dilemma and is currently the most common tumour in the globe. Awareness of breast cancer, public attentiveness, and advancement in breast imaging has made a positive impact on recognition and screening of breast cancer. Breast cancer is life-threatening disease in females and the leading cause of mortality among women population. For the previous two decades, studies related to the breast cancer has guided to astonishing advancement in our understanding of the breast cancer, resulting in further proficient treatments. Amongst all the malignant diseases, breast cancer is considered as one of the leading cause of death in post menopausal women accounting for 23% of all cancer deaths. It is a global issue now, but still it is diagnosed in their advanced stages due to the negligence of women regarding the self inspection and clinical examination of the breast. This review addresses anatomy of the breast, risk factors, epidemiology of breast cancer, pathogenesis of breast cancer, stages of breast cancer, diagnostic investigations and treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapies, hormone replacement therapy, radiation therapy, complementary therapies, gene therapy and stem-cell therapy etc for breast cancer.

Therapeutic effect of simvastatin on DMBA‐induced breast cancer in mice

“…Breast cancer poses a global health challenge and is currently considered as the most commonly encountered tumor in women worldwide . According to available reports, 1 671 149 new cases of breast cancer were identified and 521 907 cases of deaths occurred due to breast cancer in the world in 2012 .…”

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) questionnaire

“…In Iran also, this disease accounts for 24.4% of all cancers and its incidence has been estimated to be 17.81%, which has increased dramatically in recent years . Unfortunately, because of resource and infrastructure constraints and lacks of diagnosing at earlier stages in low‐income countries, there is an enormous difference in breast cancer survival rates worldwide, with an estimated 5‐year survival of 80% in developed countries to lower than 40% in developing countries …”

“…3 Unfortunately, because of resource and infrastructure constraints and lacks of diagnosing at earlier stages in low-income countries, there is an enormous difference in breast cancer survival rates worldwide, with an estimated 5year survival of 80% in developed countries to lower than 40% in developing countries. 4,5 Delayed diagnosis in developing countries is related, partly, to poor awareness, especially about early warning signs and symptoms of BC. 6,7 Increasing awareness about breast cancer is widely accepted first line in the battle against BC, especially in those countries lacking ongoing organized population-based screening program.…”

TLR5 is a new reporter for triple‐negative breast cancer indicated by radioimmunoimaging and fluorescent staining

“…Breast cancer is the most common cancer with high mortality in female worldwide, which can be classified into two groups, triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non‐TNBC . TNBC accounts for 12%‐24%, more aggressive and more prone to metastasis.…”

“…Breast cancer is the most common cancer with high mortality in female worldwide, which can be classified into two groups, triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-TNBC. [1][2][3] TNBC accounts for 12%-24%, more aggressive and more prone to metastasis. Currently, clinical targeting management of breast cancer mainly depends on molecular markers: oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene (HER2).…”