Awareness of CPR-induced consciousness by UK paramedics

Mays, Ben; Gregory, Pete; Sudron, Ceri; Kilner, Tim

doi:10.29045/14784726.2019.06.4.1.1

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Seventeen participants were deemed to have incorrectly defined CPR-IC (see Mays et al, 2019) so were excluded from the analysis. 167 (57%) of participants said that they had experienced CPR-Induced Consciousness during a resuscitation attempt with over 56% of those reporting that they had experienced it on at least two occasions (table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventeen participants were deemed to have incorrectly defined CPR-IC (see Mays et al, 2019 ), so were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics whilst thematic analysis of free text answers was undertaken separately by two members of the team (PG and BM) and then reviewed for concordance. For purposes of consistency, the following definition of CPR-IC was applied: signs of consciousness perceptible to the rescuer during the application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient in confirmed cardiac arrest (Mays, Gregory, Sudron & Kilner, 2019). Where there was disagreement between researchers, specific cases were discussed within the research team to achieve consensus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not clear whether this finding is directly related to increased exposure/knowledge of the phenomenon or whether it may have been a specific feature of the type of CPR-IC witnessed; however, it is important to consider the role of education in raising awareness of the phenomenon and improving care of the patient experiencing CPR-IC. An earlier paper ( Mays et al, 2019 ) suggests that teaching about CPR-IC has not been common in UK pre-registration paramedic programmes. It appears likely that initial and ongoing education would help paramedics to better understand the phenomenon and to be less likely to be disconcerted when they first witness it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial part of the survey sought the participant’s professional background such as length of service, route to qualification and current role. All participants were asked about their current understanding of CPR-IC and where they had obtained that information (reported in Mays et al, 2019 ). Participants were then asked if they had experienced CPR-IC during their career.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An exploration of UK paramedics’ experiences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness

Gregory

Mays

Kilner

et al. 2021

British Paramedic Journal

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<sec id="s1"> Introduction: Consciousness may occur during cardiopulmonary resuscitation despite the absence of a palpable pulse. This phenomenon, known as CPR-Induced Consciousness (CPR-IC), was first described over three decades ago and there has been an increase in case reports describing it. However, there remains limited evidence in relation to the incidence of CPR-IC and to practitioners’ experiences of it. </sec> <sec id="s2"> Methods: A mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey of paramedics who were registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and working in the United Kingdom (UK) at the time of the survey. Participants who had experienced CPR-IC were asked to provide details about the number of episodes, a description of how consciousness was manifested and whether or not it interfered with resuscitation. </sec> <sec id="s3"> Results: 293 eligible participants completed the study and 167 (57%) said that they had witnessed CPR-IC. Of those, over 56% reported that they had experienced it on at least two occasions. CPR-IC was deemed to interfere with resuscitation in nearly 50% of first experiences but this fell to around 31% by the third experience. The most common reasons for CPR-IC to interfere with resuscitation were: patient resisting clinical interventions, increased rhythm and pulse checks, distress, confusion and reluctance to perform CPR. </sec> <sec id="s4"> Conclusions: The prevalence of CPR-IC in our study was similar to that in earlier studies; however, unlike the other studies, we did not define what constituted interfering CPR-IC. Our findings suggest that interference may be related as much to the exposure of the clinician to CPR-IC as to any specific characteristic of the phenomenon itself. </sec>

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventeen participants were deemed to have incorrectly defined CPR-IC (see Mays et al, 2019 ), so were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An exploration of UK paramedics’ experiences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness

Gregory

Mays

Kilner

et al. 2021

British Paramedic Journal

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Pre-hospital guidelines for CPR-Induced Consciousness (CPRIC): A scoping review

Howard¹,

Lipscombe²,

Beovich³

et al. 2022

Resuscitation Plus

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CPR‐Induced Consciousness during Ventricular Fibrillation: Case Report and Literature Review

Zhou,

Sun

2024

Emergency Medicine International

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Introduction. Over the years, numerous studies have suggested the occurrence of a peculiar phenomenon known as “CPRIC” during the revival process. The revelation of this phenomenon has ignited widespread discussion and investigation, yet many enigmas remain unsolved. This study describes the case of a 52‐year‐old man diagnosed with acute anterior myocardial infarction, who experienced ventricular fibrillation while awaiting further treatment. Despite ultimately not regaining spontaneous circulation, he remained conscious for a period during chest compressions and showed signs of resistance. Methods. PubMed and Web of Science were searched until July 11, 2024. We included original studies and case reports relevant to CPRIC. For case reports, we extracted information on the author (year), country, patients, location, compression, signs of CPRIC, treatment of CPRIC, and patient outcomes. For other studies, we included the author (year), country, participants, and results. The extracted data were synthesized using a narrative approach. Results. Of 3038 articles, 32 were included, i.e., 18 case reports (24 cases), 9 cross‐sectional surveys, and 5 cohort studies. In CPRIC cases, patients exhibited various manifestations including opening their eyes, speaking, and moving. Other included studies explored healthcare workers’ awareness and experiences of CPRIC, the incidence and manifestations of CPRIC, the impact of CPRIC on patient outcomes, memories and perceptions of cardiac arrest indicating consciousness, the effects of CPRIC on rescuers, and the management of CPRIC. Conclusions. There is an urgent need to establish a globally recognized definition of CPRIC. It is crucial to develop clear algorithms that focus not only on identifying this phenomenon but also on determining the best approaches to manage it. Furthermore, CPRIC can cause multiple interruptions during CPR, making it essential to differentiate whether these interruptions are due to CPRIC or indicative of a return of spontaneous circulation.

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Awareness of CPR-induced consciousness by UK paramedics

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

An exploration of UK paramedics’ experiences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness

An exploration of UK paramedics’ experiences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness

Pre-hospital guidelines for CPR-Induced Consciousness (CPRIC): A scoping review

CPR‐Induced Consciousness during Ventricular Fibrillation: Case Report and Literature Review

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