Awareness of Health Outcomes Associated with Insufficient Physical Activity and Associations with Physical Activity Intentions and Behavior

Waters, Erika A.; Hawkins, Emily

doi:10.1080/10810730.2018.1500658

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…In addition to alcohol consumption and physical inactivity, type 2 diabetes is also considered to be a risk factor for bowel cancer [37,40], with studies demonstrating up to a 30% risk increase [40]. Awareness of this association was very low in our study, with similar results seen in other countries [29,39,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The most recent data estimate that the proportion of Australian adults meeting the physical activity guidelines for cancer prevention is only 4% for men and less than 1.0% for women [35]. Given the low awareness levels of the benefits of physical activity for cancer prevention seen in this and other studies [18,29,[36][37][38][39], strategies for promoting this message should be encouraged to help reduce the incidence of this disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Public Awareness of Bowel Cancer Risk Factors, Symptoms and Screening in Tasmania, Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lee

Versace

Obamiro

2022

IJERPH

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Tasmania has one of the highest bowel cancer incidence and death rates in the world. Public awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and early detection of bowel cancer is important for minimising the burden of disease. This study measured awareness levels of bowel cancer risk factors, symptoms and screening in Tasmania. An online survey of 3703 participants aged 18 years and older found that alcohol consumption, low physical activity levels, and having diabetes were the least known risk factors for bowel cancer. Over half of all participants were unaware the risk of bowel cancer increased with age, and 53 percent were not confident they would notice a bowel cancer symptom. Over a third of survey respondents did not know that screening commenced at the age of 50. The results indicate that a targeted campaign to increase bowel cancer awareness in Tasmania may help reduce the high rates of morbidity and mortality from the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Public Awareness of Bowel Cancer Risk Factors, Symptoms and Screening in Tasmania, Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lee

Versace

Obamiro

2022

IJERPH

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“… 36 This may imply that individuals’ food intakes are influenced more by their educational attainment than the adequacy of their household incomes. Finally, physical inactivity is an indicator of adverse lifestyle behaviour and it may have synergistic effects with poor health awareness conferred by low education, 37 38 which partially explains why the effect measures of low-level education are more substantial among inactive survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is education or income associated with insufficient fruit and vegetable intake among cancer survivors? A cross-sectional analysis of 2017 BRFSS data

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesPrevious studies found that low education or income level was associated with insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption (IFVC) among the general population. However, cancer survivors can be heterogeneous from the general population in many aspects. Our objective was to disentangle their association among cancer survivors.DesignNationwide cross-sectional survey in the USA.Setting2017 Behaviour Risk Factor Surveillance System.Participants5409 cancer survivors.Exposure and outcomeEducational level (graduated from college/technical school, attended college/technical school and high school or less) and annual household income (≥US$75 000, US$35 000 to <US$75 000 and <US$35 000) were exposures of interest. IFVC, which was defined as <5 servings/day according to the American Cancer Society recommendation, was treated as the outcome.Data analysisMultivariable logistic regression corrected for sampling weight was performed to estimate the association. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed by age, gender, obesity and physical activity.ResultsOverall, 4750 survivors (weighted percentage: 88.5%) had IFVC. Participants with lower education had a significantly higher rate of IFVC (high school or less vs college graduates: adjusted OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.45 to 3.25, p trend <0.01). The association between income and IFVC was almost null. Associations did not differ in most subgroups; however, the association of lower education appeared to be more substantial among physically inactive survivors (p interaction <0.01).ConclusionLow educational background, not low income, was associated with IFVC among cancer survivors. Prospective cohort studies are needed to verify the conclusion.

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“…Lower levels of education have also been associated with higher risks of alcohol disorder, for example, Crum et al (1993) and Gilman et al (2008). Individuals also fail to fully acknowledge the consequences of physical inactivity (Waters & Hawkins, 2018). 8 Notice that if consumption of the numeraire good were also to interact with the utility from the joy of sin good consumption, the government would find optimal to tax it as well in order to distort the level of consumption of the non-observable sin good.…”

Section: Orcidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2008). Individuals also fail to fully acknowledge the consequences of physical inactivity (Waters & Hawkins, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design of sin taxes in the presence of nontaxable sin goods

Arnabal

2021

Health Economics

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Sin good consumption entails health damage, which is in general not fully perceived by individuals, what results in its overconsumption. One way to tackle this problem is to tax these unhealthy goods. However, not all the individual choices that affect health status can be easily observed and effectively taxed by the government. This paper considers a setting where individuals can consume two types of sin goods that differ in their observability (taxability) by the government. As a benchmark, the first-best taxes for the observable and non-observable sin good are derived, considering homogeneous individuals. In the second-best setting, where observability on sin good consumption is limited, the rule for the taxable sin good is shown to depend on the degree of complementarity or substitutability with the unobservable sin good. Finally, redistributional considerations are incorporated by extending the analysis to a setting where individuals differ in their wealth and in their degree of misperception of the health damage caused by sin good consumption. Policy implications are illustrated considering physical inactivity and illicit drugs as examples of non-taxable sin goods, while alcohol, tobacco, fat and sugar account for the taxable sin goodsillicit drugs, optimal taxation, physical inactivity, sin goods, taxability | INTRODUCTIONOne of the biggest health concerns today is that individuals engage in too much risky health behaviors. Sin good consumption and physical inactivity are the main reasons that account for the increasing risks of dying from a noncommunicable disease, which according to the World Health Organization (WHO) kill 41 million people every year. 1 Sin goods such as tobacco, alcohol, fat or sugar have been the target of different public policies aiming to discourage its consumption. These policies are justified by the fact that individuals fail to fully acknowledge the consequences caused by their sin good consumption, both to themselves and to the rest of the society through an increase in health care costs. One important measure to mitigate this overconsumption problem has been to increase their price through the so called sin taxes.While taxes have proven to be an effective tool to reduce tobacco, alcohol and sugary beverage consumption (Chaloupka et al., 2019), they are criticized for being regressive (e.g., Allais et al., 2010;Gruber & Kőszegi, 2004), as well as by the fact that they may induce consumers to substitute its consumption towards relative less taxed harmful goods. 2

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Awareness of Health Outcomes Associated with Insufficient Physical Activity and Associations with Physical Activity Intentions and Behavior

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Public Awareness of Bowel Cancer Risk Factors, Symptoms and Screening in Tasmania, Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Public Awareness of Bowel Cancer Risk Factors, Symptoms and Screening in Tasmania, Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Is education or income associated with insufficient fruit and vegetable intake among cancer survivors? A cross-sectional analysis of 2017 BRFSS data

Optimal design of sin taxes in the presence of nontaxable sin goods

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