Awareness of memory deficits is useful to distinguish between depression and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly

Coutinho, Gabriel; Drummond, Cláudia; Teldeschi, Alina; Mattos, Paulo

doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1772

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In conclusion, patients with MDD show inaccurate memory selfawareness because they frequently and heavily report SMC while keeping relatively preserved memory tests, in contrast to patients with MCI-AD and healthy controls. Differential diagnosis between MDD and MCI-AD is a difficulty sometimes faced by clinicians (Coutinho et al, 2016). Although we found differences in memory awareness between the two conditions, it is at present unclear whether memory awareness might be clinically useful to discriminate between MDD and MCI-AD.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Statistically significant values (p < 0.05) in bold. MDD not only from patients with MCI, as reported by Coutinho et al (2016), but also from HC. It interesting to note that a previous study from Vannini and co-workers showed altered memory self-awareness in patients with MCI-AD, who would overestimate their memory function (Vannini et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Memory awareness in patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Mendes

Cardoso

Guerreiro

et al. 2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background: Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) along with cognitive deficits are frequently observed in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The relationship between SMC and objective memory performance in patients with MDD was evaluated, in comparison with patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease (MCI-AD) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Patients with MDD (n = 47), MCI-AD (n = 43) and HC (n = 45) were assessed with a self-report memory complaints scale (SMCS) and underwent a comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment. A discrepancy score between the Logical Memory delayed recall and the SMCS total score was calculated as a measure of memory awareness. Results: Patients with MDD (12.5 ± 4.4) and patients with MCI-AD (10.9 ± 4.1) had not significantly different SMCS total scores, whereas HC showed significantly lower scores (4.0 ± 3.0). As much as 74.5% of patients with MDD patients and 65.1% of patients with MCI-AD reported prominent memory complaints, whereas only 4.4% of HC did. Patients with MDD had relatively preserved memory tests, resulting in a higher discrepancy score than both patients with MCI-AD and HC. The SMCS total score correlated positively with depressive symptoms in the 3 groups of participants. Conclusions: Patients with MDD showed inaccurate memory self-awareness as they under-estimated their memory functioning, a pattern distinct from both patients with MCI-AD and HC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Memory awareness in patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Mendes

Cardoso

Guerreiro

et al. 2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…Thirteen studies assessed the ACD as the discrepancy between subject's and informant's ratings of decline (Vogel et al, 2005 ; Onor et al, 2006 ; Ries et al, 2007 ; Orfei et al, 2010 ; Galeone et al, 2011 ; Spalletta et al, 2012 ; Maki et al, 2013 ; Zamboni et al, 2013 ; Ford et al, 2014 ; Jacus et al, 2015 ; Senturk et al, 2017 ; Tondelli et al, 2018 ; Oba et al, 2019 ). Four studies as the discrepancy between subjective and objective scores of cognitive functioning (O'Connell et al, 2014 ; Coutinho et al, 2016 ; Vannini et al, 2017a ; Hanseeuw et al, 2020 ). In Stites et al ( 2017 ), participants who responded affirmatively to any of the diagnosis-related questions were classified as “aware” of their diagnosis, whereas all others were coded “unaware.”…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Cognitive Decline in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cacciamani

Houot

Gagliardi

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Identifying a poor degree of awareness of cognitive decline (ACD) could represent an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Objectives: (1) to understand whether there is evidence of poor ACD in the pre-dementia stages of AD; (2) to summarize the main findings obtained investigating ACD in AD; (3) to propose a conceptual framework.Data Sources: We searched Scopus, Pubmed, and the reference lists for studies published up to August 2020. Original research articles must report a measure of ACD and included individuals with AD dementia, or prodromal AD (or MCI), or being at risk for AD.Data Synthesis: All studies covering preclinical, prodromal, and AD dementia were systematically reviewed. We intended to perform a meta-analysis of empirical studies on preclinical AD or prodromal AD (or MCI), to compare ACD between clinical groups. Due to the paucity of literature on preclinical AD, meta-analysis was only possible for prodromal AD (or MCI) studies.Results: We systematically reviewed 283 articles, and conducted a meta-analysis of 18 articles on prodromal AD (or MCI), showing that ACD was not significantly different between patients with amnestic and non-amnestic MCI (SMD = 0.09, p = 0.574); ACD was significantly poorer in amnestic MCI (SMD = −0.56, p = 0.001) and mild AD (SMD = −1.39, p < 0.001) than in controls; ACD was also significantly poorer in mild AD than in amnestic MCI (SMD = −0.75, p < 0.001), as well as poorer than in non-amnestic MCI (SMD = −1.00, p < 0.001). We also discuss key findings on ACD in AD, such as its neural and cognitive correlates.Conclusions and Implications: We propose that patients may be complaining of their initial subtle cognitive changes, but ACD would soon start to decrease. The individual would show mild anosognosia in the MCI stage, and severe anosognosia in dementia. The evaluation of ACD (comparing self-report to cognitive scores or to informant-report) could be useful to guide the clinician toward a timely diagnosis, and in trials targeting early-stage AD.

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“…Out of a total of 20,136 studies, 20,088 were removed according to the exclusion criteria and, additionally, if they (a) assessed visuomotor abilities in patients with MCI in Parkinson's Disease (MCI-PD) because of the major motor impairment or (b) provided information about upper extremity functioning by self-report measures. The final set, therefore, consisted of 48 studies assessing the following issues: 16 studies assessed VSWM abilities [17,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], 12 studies assessed anosognosia for memory deficits [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], 14 studies assessed visuomotor abilities [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65], 2 studies investigated the relationship between VSWM and conversion [37,66], and 4 studies investigated the relationship between anosognosia for memory deficit...…”

Section: Data Extraction Results and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychology of posteromedial parietal cortex and conversion factors from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s disease: systematic search and state-of-the-art review

et al. 2021

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In the present review, we discuss the rationale and the clinical implications of assessing visuospatial working memory (VSWM), awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These three domains are related to neural activity in the posteromedial parietal cortex (PMC) whose hypoactivation seems to be a significant predictor of conversion from MCI to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as indicated by recent neuroimaging evidence. A systematic literature search was performed up to May 2021. Forty-eight studies were included: 42 studies provided analytical cross-sectional data and 6 studies longitudinal data on conversion rates. Overall, these studies showed that patients with MCI performed worse than healthy controls in tasks assessing VSWM, awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control; in some cases, MCI patients’ performance was comparable to that of patients with overt dementia. Deficits in VSWM and metamemory appear to be significant predictors of conversion. No study explored the relationship between visuomotor control and conversion. Nevertheless, it has been speculated that the assessment of visuomotor abilities in subjects at high AD risk might be useful to discriminate patients who are likely to convert from those who are not. Being able to indirectly estimate PMC functioning through quick and easy neuropsychological tasks in outpatient settings may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, and therefore, the quality of the MCI patient’s management.

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Awareness of memory deficits is useful to distinguish between depression and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Memory awareness in patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Memory awareness in patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Awareness of Cognitive Decline in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Neuropsychology of posteromedial parietal cortex and conversion factors from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s disease: systematic search and state-of-the-art review

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