Awareness of racial/ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes and care: factors affecting acknowledgment and action

Britton, Brooke M.; Nagarajan, Neeraja; Zogg, Cheryl K.; Selvarajah, Shalini; Schüpper, Alexander J.; Kironji, A.G.; Lwin, A.T.; Cerullo, Marcelo; Salim, Ali; Haider, Adil H.

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.07.022

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A higher awareness and acknowledgment of health disparities can increase initiatives that address disparities and improve access to care. 22,23 However, it is important to engage students in a dialogue to stimulate deeper discussion of equitable health resource distribution so that they are motivated to bring about change and have the skills to do so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Student Pharmacists’ Perspectives on Service-Learning Experiences in Free Clinics

Connor

Jonkman

et al. 2019

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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Objective. To explore student pharmacists' perspectives on the value of pharmacy-related servicelearning experiences focused on caring for underserved populations. Methods. Student pharmacists were required to complete a three-hour volunteer experience at a free clinic in western Pennsylvania. Reflective essays from all second-and third-year student pharmacists who participated in the required service-learning experience were deidentified. Essays were thematically analyzed to formulate a list of codes that represent dominant conceptual categories. Two independent coders read and coded all essays submitted from September 2015 to May 2017 using qualitative data analysis. Codes were evaluated for intercoder variability and discrepancies were mediated through discussion. Results. Four hundred twenty-two students submitted reflective essays: 222 essays were submitted by second-year students and 200 by third-year students. The prevailing themes reflected the professional obligation students felt to provide care to the underserved, empathy for underserved patients, perspectives on equitable health resource distribution, the value of service-learning experiences, growth in interprofessional awareness, and self-reported empowerment from the experience. Themes were consistent in the reflective essays of both second-year and third-year students. Third-year students' essays reflected a greater sense of self-assurance and confidence in their role at the free clinics. Students made connections between their didactic learning and experiential education. Conclusion. Student pharmacists valued their experiences working in underserved settings. Free clinics provide opportunities for student pharmacists to develop hands-on training as well as gain a broader perspective on underserved populations, health resource distribution, and the role of pharmacists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Student Pharmacists’ Perspectives on Service-Learning Experiences in Free Clinics

Connor

Jonkman

et al. 2019

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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“…However, well-recognized situations with other health conditions in addition to the trends in child injury deaths noted above raise the possibility that even when improvements in non-fatal injury outcomes and recovery trajectories are realized at the population level, there could be intractable or widening inequalities between sub-groups [ 2 , 12 ]. Factors ranging from increased exposure to injuries to unequal access to high-quality emergency trauma and rehabilitation care can place children in socially disadvantaged groups at increased risk of injury-related disability [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Non-Fatal Health Outcomes in Pediatric General Trauma Studies

Ameratunga

Ramke

Jackson³

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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When prevention efforts fail, injured children require high-quality health services to support their recovery. Disparities in non-fatal injury outcomes, an indicator of health-care quality, have received minimal attention. We evaluated the extent to which general trauma follow-up studies published in the peer-reviewed scientific literature provide evidence of socially patterned inequities in health, functional or disability outcomes ≥4 weeks after childhood injuries. Using a systematic search, we identified 27 eligible cohort studies from 13 high-income countries. We examined the extent to which the reported health outcomes varied across the PROGRESS criteria: place of residence, race/ethnicity, occupation, gender/sex, religion, socio-economic status, and social capital. The available evidence on differential outcomes is limited as many studies were compromised by selection or retention biases that reduced the participation of children from demographic groups at increased risk of adverse outcomes, or the analyses mainly focused on variations in outcomes by sex. Given the limited research evidence, we recommend greater attention to systematic collection and reporting of non-fatal injury outcomes disaggregated by socio-demographic indicators in order to identify disparities where these exist and inform equity-focused interventions promoting the recovery of injured children.

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“…These studies, along with this study, show a similar trend in the decreased likelihood of recognition regarding the existence of racial disparities when the context becomes closer to personal practices. Furthermore, as argued in prior literature (25,26,28,29), this suggests providers' failure to recognize the role that they as providers can have in racial disparities. In fact, one study surveying nephrologists found that most of their perceived reasons for racial differences in transplantation were patient-level factors, such as patient preferences (66%) (17), rather than structural, cultural, or provider-level barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…disparities in their respective fields: a recent study found that 37% of surgeons reported awareness of racial disparities in surgical care in health care overall and that 5% reported disparities within their personal practice (25). Our findings are similar to those of a study of cardiologists conducted .10 years ago that found their awareness of national racial disparities in the United States health care system to be low (34%) and their awareness of racial disparities in the care of their patients to be lower (12%) (26), which suggests that we have not made sufficient progress in increasing provider awareness, despite overwhelming evidence documenting disparities in the United States (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Racial Disparities in Kidney Transplantation among Health Care Providers in Dialysis Facilities

Kim¹,

Basu²,

Plantinga

et al. 2018

CJASN

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Awareness of racial/ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes and care: factors affecting acknowledgment and action

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Student Pharmacists’ Perspectives on Service-Learning Experiences in Free Clinics

Student Pharmacists’ Perspectives on Service-Learning Experiences in Free Clinics

Disparities in Non-Fatal Health Outcomes in Pediatric General Trauma Studies

Awareness of Racial Disparities in Kidney Transplantation among Health Care Providers in Dialysis Facilities

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