We recommend you cite the published version. The publisher's URL is: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.01.003Refereed: Yes (no note) Disclaimer UWE has obtained warranties from all depositors as to their title in the material deposited and as to their right to deposit such material. UWE makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited. UWE makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. UWE accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. 3 Abstract Background: Stroke is the third most common cause of death and a major cause of chronic disability in New Zealand. Linked to risk factors that develop across the life course, stroke is considered to be largely preventable. This study assessed awareness of stroke risk, symptoms, detection, and prevention behaviours in an urban New Zealand population.Methods: Demographics, stroke risk factors awareness, symptoms, responsiveness, and prevention behaviours were evaluated using a structured oral questionnaire. Binomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of stroke literacy.Results: Whilst personal experience of stroke increased awareness of symptoms and their likeliness to indicate the need for urgent medical attention, only 42.7% of respondents (n=850) identified stroke as involving both blood and the brain. Educational attainment at or above a trade certificate, apprenticeship, or diploma increased awareness of stroke symptoms compared to those with no formal educational attainment. Pacific Island respondents were less likely than New Zealand Europeans to identify a number of stroke risk factors. Māori, Pacific Island, and Asian respondents were less likely to identify symptoms of stroke and indicate the need for urgent medical attention.
Conclusions:The variability in stroke awareness and knowledge may suggest the need to enhance stroke-related health literacy that facilitates understanding of risk as well as factors that reduce morbidity and mortality following stroke in people of Māori and Pacific Island descent, and in those with lower educational attainment or socioeconomic status. It is therefore important that stroke awareness campaigns include tailored components for target audiences.