AXONAL DYSTROPHY IN THE SPINAL CORDS OF CATTLE CONSUMING THE CYCAD PALM, <i>CYCAS MEDIA</i>

Hooper, Paula; Best, Susan M.; Campbell, Alfred W.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1974.tb06879.x

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar to axonal spheroids previously reported in ovine NAD cases, 8 those in the present case were often immunopositive to APP, although a few were immunonegative. 17 No neurotoxic plants known to cause axonal spheroid formation were found on this property, but the existence of an as yet unidentified phytotoxin could not be excluded. 14 Myelin loss was not a feature in this bovine case and demyelination in the brainstem and spinal cord in ovine NAD has been very variable, being absent, 9,10 minimal 11 or severe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axonal Spheroid Accumulation In the Brainstem and Spinal Cord of A Young Angus Cow with Ataxia

et al. 2015

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The topographical distribution of axonal spheroids in the brain and spinal cord in this bovine case closely resembled that found in the ovine neurodegenerative disorder termed NAD, in which axonal swellings are the major pathological feature. This appears to be the first reported case of this type of NAD in cattle. The aetiology of the spheroidal aggregations in this case was not determined. There was no evidence from the case history or neuropathology to indicate whether the axonal spheroids in this case involved an acquired or heritable aetiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axonal Spheroid Accumulation In the Brainstem and Spinal Cord of A Young Angus Cow with Ataxia

et al. 2015

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“…Two facts gradually became apparent. First, animals exposed to cycasin/MAM or BMAA did not exhibit the full gamut of behavioral or pathological outcomes that resembled ALS-PDC [32,33], although Spencer and colleagues did succeed in producing motor dysfunctions accompanied by loss of spinal motor neurons in monkeys with the latter toxin [34]. Second, both cycasin and MAM were significantly eluted by the traditional washing procedure of the Chamorros [35].…”

Section: Is There a Neurological Rosetta Stone?mentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of neurological disease in four dimensions: insight from ALS-PDC epidemiology and animal models

Shaw

Wilson

2003

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Chronic exposure causes a neurologic syndrome, most often seen in cattle. Neurologic signs are highlighted by a progressive and irreversible posterior paralysis, a condition commonly called “rickets,”“wobbles,” or “zamia staggers.” 3,4,6,7,12,15 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 No link has been found between colon cancer and cycasin consumption in humans; however, cycasin's unique metabolism has made it useful as a model in rats. 12,13 In humans, Guam neurodegenerative disease, defined clinically by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinsonism-dementia complex (PDC), dementia alone, or combinations (ALS/PDC), has been correlated with the concentration of cycasin in traditional foods. 9,14 In domestic ruminants, cycad intoxication results in 2 distinct syndromes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Survival and Prognostic Indicators for Cycad Intoxication in Dogs

Ferguson

Crowe

McLaughlin

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Cycad palms are commonly used in landscaping and ingestion by dogs can cause disease or death. Objectives: Determine the morbidity and case fatality of cycad palm toxicosis in dogs from Louisiana, and examine putative prognostic factors.Animals: Thirty-four client-owned dogs with confirmed cycad palm toxicosis between 2003 and 2010. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Search of all medical records for animals with cycad palm toxicosis.Results: Seventeen of 34 (50%) dogs died or were euthanized as a direct consequence of cycad intoxication. There were no differences in presenting signs and physical examination findings between survivors and nonsurvivors. Nonsurvivors had higher serum alanine transaminase activity (median 196 U/L; range 16-4,123 versus 113.5; 48-1,530) and total bilirubin concentration (0.5 mg/dL; 0.1-6.2 versus 0.25; 0-1.7) upon presentation, and their initial serum concentrations of albumin (2.9 g/dL; 1.4-4.1 versus 3.3; 2.2-3.9) were lower than those of survivors. Nadir serum albumin concentration was also lower in nonsurvivors (1.9; 1.4-3.7 versus 3.2; 1.8-3.5). A higher proportion of nonsurvivors had prolonged coagulation times, prothrombin time. and partial thromboplastin time. In a multivariate model, administration of charcoal at initial presentation was associated with longer survival (heart rate [HR] 0.019, 95% CI 0.001-0.644), while high serum aspartate aminotransferase activity was a negative prognostic factor (HR 118.2,826).Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Cycad intoxication is associated with a higher case fatality than previously published. Several laboratory parameters might help differentiating potential nonsurvivors from survivors. Administration of charcoal as part of the emergency treatment appears to have a protective effect.

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AXONAL DYSTROPHY IN THE SPINAL CORDS OF CATTLE CONSUMING THE CYCAD PALM, CYCAS MEDIA

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Axonal Spheroid Accumulation In the Brainstem and Spinal Cord of A Young Angus Cow with Ataxia

Axonal Spheroid Accumulation In the Brainstem and Spinal Cord of A Young Angus Cow with Ataxia

Analysis of neurological disease in four dimensions: insight from ALS-PDC epidemiology and animal models

Survival and Prognostic Indicators for Cycad Intoxication in Dogs

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