Ayurvedic formulations: Potential COVID-19 therapeutics?

Ali, Anees Ahmed Mahaboob; Bugarčić, Andrea; Naumovski, Nenad; Ghildyal, Reena

doi:10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100286

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…These speculated mechanisms prompted relatively more TCM trials that included severe cases and recovering patients. Similarly, basic research and available results of some clinical trials indicated potential antiviral or immunomodulatory properties, and therapeutic usefulness, of Ayurvedic formulations (6,22). We found that registered trials of traditional Indian medicine were more likely to be targeted on non-severe COVID-19 cases or individuals without COVID-19 illness, which might be due to the perceived preventative mechanisms of Ayurvedic formulations.…”

Section: Potential Role Of Traditional Medicinementioning

confidence: 67%

“…We found that registered trials of traditional Indian medicine were more likely to be targeted on non-severe COVID-19 cases or individuals without COVID-19 illness, which might be due to the perceived preventative mechanisms of Ayurvedic formulations. Findings from computer simulation (in silico) studies indicated that phytoconstituents from Ayurvedic formulations might inhibit the entry of coronaviruses into host cells, by having high binding affinity to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and SARS-CoV-2 S protein (6).…”

Section: Potential Role Of Traditional Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of traditional medicine for COVID-19 was initially based on previous experience of the treatment of similar symptoms and respiratory diseases (5). Simultaneously, many COVID-19 clinical trials of traditional medicine were registered since the onset of COVID-19 outbreak (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and result reporting of registered COVID-19 clinical trials of Chinese and Indian traditional medicine: A comparative analysis

Zhao

Pandey²,

Lakshmanan³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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ObjectiveTo assess the main characteristics and result reporting of registered COVID-19 interventional trials of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Indian medicine.Materials and methodsWe assessed design quality and result reporting of COVID-19 trials of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and traditional Indian medicine (TIM) registered before 10 February 2021, respectively, on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) and Clinical Trial Registry-India (CTRI). Comparison groups included registered COVID-19 trials of conventional medicine conducted in China (WMC), India (WMI), and in other countries (WMO). Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between time from trial onset to result reporting and trial characteristics.ResultsThe proportion of COVID-19 trials investigating traditional medicine was 33.7% (130/386) among trials registered on ChiCTR, and 58.6% (266/454) on CTRI. Planned sample sizes were mostly small in all COVID-19 trials (median 100, IQR: 50–200). The proportion of trials that were randomized was 75.4 and 64.8%, respectively, for the TCM and TIM trials. Blinding measures were used in 6.2% of the TCM trials, and 23.6% of the TIM trials. Cox regression analysis revealed that planned COVID-19 clinical trials of traditional medicine were less likely to have results reported than trials of conventional medicine (hazard ratio 0.713, 95% confidence interval: 0.541–0.939; p = 0.0162).ConclusionThere were considerable between-country and within-country differences in design quality, target sample size, trial participants, and reporting of trial results. Registered COVID-19 clinical trials of traditional medicine were less likely to report results than trials of conventional medicine.

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Section: Potential Role Of Traditional Medicinementioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Potential Role Of Traditional Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and result reporting of registered COVID-19 clinical trials of Chinese and Indian traditional medicine: A comparative analysis

Zhao

Pandey²,

Lakshmanan³

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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“…Other therapies were not sufficiently effective either ( 24 ). At the same time, in the literature, the beneficial effects of herbal medicine combined with traditional medicine in SARS patients were demonstrated ( 4 – 6 , 25 – 27 ), giving hope that therapeutically effective herbal compositions might combat the severe course of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, animal studies suggested possible mechanisms of anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effects of medicinal herbs that target inflammatory pathways of TLRs-induced mechanisms, e.g., polysaccharides from red seaweed suppressed the expression of TNF, receptor-associated factor-6 in a model of LPS-induced toxicity ( 26 ), the use of vanilla extract suppressed free radical production in a mouse model of cancer ( 28 , 29 ), ginger phenolics decreased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rats ( 30 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice

et al. 2022

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BackgroundWhile all efforts have been undertaken to propagate the vaccination and develop remedies against SARS-CoV-2, no satisfactory management of this infection is available yet. Moreover, poor availability of any preventive and treatment measures of SARS-CoV-2 in economically disadvantageous communities aggravates the course of the pandemic. Here, we studied a new immunomodulatory phytotherapy (IP), an extract of blackberry, chamomile, garlic, cloves, and elderberry as a potential low-cost solution for these problems given the reported efficacy of herbal medicine during the previous SARS virus outbreak.MethodsThe key feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive inflammation, was studied in in vitro and in vivo assays under the application of the IP. First, changes in tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) and lnteurleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) concentrations were measured in a culture of human macrophages following the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and treatment with IP or prednisolone. Second, chronically IP-pre-treated CD-1 mice received an agonist of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7/8 resiquimod and were examined for lung and spleen expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and blood formula. Finally, chronically IP-pre-treated mice challenged with LPS injection were studied for “sickness” behavior. Additionally, the IP was analyzed using high-potency-liquid chromatography (HPLC)-high-resolution-mass-spectrometry (HRMS).ResultsLPS-induced in vitro release of TNF and IL-1β was reduced by both treatments. The IP-treated mice displayed blunted over-expression of SAA-2, ACE-2, CXCL1, and CXCL10 and decreased changes in blood formula in response to an injection with resiquimod. The IP-treated mice injected with LPS showed normalized locomotion, anxiety, and exploration behaviors but not abnormal forced swimming. Isoquercitrin, choline, leucine, chlorogenic acid, and other constituents were identified by HPLC-HRMS and likely underlie the IP immunomodulatory effects.ConclusionsHerbal IP-therapy decreases inflammation and, partly, “sickness behavior,” suggesting its potency to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection first of all via its preventive effects.

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“…These recommendations included the use of traditional herbs and methods, which have been around for decades and be effective in treating a variety of conditions such as fever, sore throat, and breathing difficulties as well as acting as a nonspecific leniency enhancer thanks to their anti-viral, antibacterial, as well as anti-microbial characteristics. Some of the suggested formulas have been studied scientifically for their potential preventative or therapeutic effects; they are "AYUSH 64, Chyawanprash, Guduchi Ghanavati, Arsenic Album, Kabasur Kudineer, and Nilavembu Kudineer" [3]. Several randomized controlled studies of "AYUSH" therapies have either been published or are underway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ayush Alternative Medicine Interventions in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gupta¹,

Roy²,

Bose³

et al. 2023

Arch Pharm Pract

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The five Indian systems of alternative and complementary medicine (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) are frequently used to treat "COVID-19" throughout the country (referred to simply as "AYUSH"). At the outset of the pandemic, "The Ministry of AYUSH" (the governing authority of the Indian system of medicine) issued recommendations for the use of particular herbs and acts to improve immunity, based on the advice of an advisory council of "AYUSH" doctors and scant evidence. Some of these suggestions involved using traditional herbs and practices, which have been used for centuries and are effective in treating a wide range of conditions, including fever, sore throat, and breathing difficulties, as well as acting as a non-specific leniency enhancer thanks to their anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-microbial properties. A number of the formulations recommended here-including AYUSH 64, Chyawanprash, Guduchi Ghanavati, Arsenic Album, Kabasur Kudineer, and Nilavembu Kudineer-have been the subject of scientific research into their putative prophylactic or therapeutic benefits.

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Ayurvedic formulations: Potential COVID-19 therapeutics?

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

Characteristics and result reporting of registered COVID-19 clinical trials of Chinese and Indian traditional medicine: A comparative analysis

Characteristics and result reporting of registered COVID-19 clinical trials of Chinese and Indian traditional medicine: A comparative analysis

Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice

Impact of Ayush Alternative Medicine Interventions in the COVID-19 Pandemic

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