Azaphilone and Isocoumarin Derivatives from the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum PSU-A13

Abstract

Two new azaphilone derivatives, penicilazaphilones A (1) and B (2), and one new isocoumarin, penicilisorin (3), together with six known compounds were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum PSU-A13. Their structures were identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans as well as the inhibitory effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 integrase and protease were examined.

Structures and biological activities of azaphilones produced by Penicillium sp. KCB11A109 from a ginseng field

“…Analysis of the COSY cross-peaks (H 2 -1/H-8a/H-8) and HMBC correlations (H 2 -1/C-3 and C-4a; H-8a/C-4 and C-4a) confirmed that 4 possesses a 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran instead of a 4H-pyran. The overall structure of 4 was in agreement with that of the previously reported azaphilone, penicilazaphilone B (Arunpanichlert et al, 2010). Further studies on the relative configuration of 4 by comparisons of spectroscopic data of 5 are discussed below, which suggested that the stereochemistry of an acyclic 1,2-diol of 4 is different from that of penicilazaphilone B.…”

Chemical diversity from the Tibetan Plateau fungi Penicillium kongii and P. brasilianum

“…Because of the importance of this genus, chemical assessments on more and more Penicillium species have been investigated from different environmental sources. The endophytic fungi (Arunpanichlert et al 2010; Zhu et al 2015) and soil fungi (Tansakul et al 2014; Daengrot et al 2015) were the most studied fungi in this genus and a number of natural products have been reported to exhibit diverse activities including anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic (Xue et al 2014), or anti-hepatitis C virus (Kozlovskii et al 2013; Nishikori et al 2016). Other strains from extreme conditions also raised the great interest to mine novel structures, such as halotolerant or extremophilic strains (Lu et al 2008; Stierle et al 2012)，deep sea-derived strains (Li et al 2013), and marine animal-derived strains (Qi et al 2013).…”

Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytes and associated marine derived fungi

“…All tested compounds were devoid of anti-bacterial activity. These results showed that the chlorine atom might play an important role in the biological activities, since compounds 2 and 4 differ in the absence or presence of a chlorine substituent (Arunpanichlert et al 2010).…”