AZD1222-induced neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC

Wall, Emma C; Wu, Mary; Harvey, Ruth; Kelly, Gavin; Warchal, Scott; Sawyer, Chelsea; Daniels, Rodney S.; Adams, Lorin; Hobson, Philip; Hatipoglu, Emine; Ngai, Yenting; Hussain, Saira; Ambrose, Karen; Hindmarsh, Steve; Beale, Rupert; Riddell, Andrew; Gamblin, Steve; Howell, Michael; Kassiotis, George; Libri, Vincenzo; Williams, Bryan; Swanton, Charles; Gandhi, Sonia; Bauer, David L.V.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01462-8

Cited by 131 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This unidirectional pattern of cross-reactivity argues that emergence of B.1.1.7 is unlikely to have been driven by antibody escape. In support of this premise, B.1.1.7 and D614G viruses were equally sensitive to neutralisation by BNT162b2 or AZD1222 vaccination-induced antibodies, although they were both approximately twofold less sensitive than the Wuhan strain ( Wall et al, 2021a ; Wall et al, 2021b ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The B.1.351, B.1.1.28, and B.1.617.2 VOCs appear comparably sensitive to antibodies induced by the BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines, which are both based on the Wuhan sequence ( Liu et al, 2021a ; Wall et al, 2021a ; Wall et al, 2021b ). However, infection with the B.1.351 or the B.1.1.28 variant may induce lower cross-neutralisation of the other variant than itself ( Liu et al, 2021a ), likely owing to spike sequence divergence between them ( Figure 2—figure supplement 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

Faulkner

Ng²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

eLife

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Background: The degree of heterotypic immunity induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains is a major determinant of the spread of emerging variants and the success of vaccination campaigns, but remains incompletely understood.Methods: We examined the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 (Alpha) that arose in the United Kingdom and spread globally. We determined titres of spike glycoprotein-binding antibodies and authentic virus neutralising antibodies induced by B.1.1.7 infection to infer homotypic and heterotypic immunity.Results: Antibodies elicited by B.1.1.7 infection exhibited significantly reduced recognition and neutralisation of parental strains or of the South Africa variant B.1.351 (Beta) than of the infecting variant. The drop in cross-reactivity was significantly more pronounced following B.1.1.7 than parental strain infection.Conclusions: The results indicate that heterotypic immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 variants is asymmetric.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

Faulkner

Ng²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

eLife

Self Cite

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“…The neutralizing ability of vaccine immune serum against the Delta variant in the published researches were summarized in Table 1 . Compared with WT/Alpha, the neutralizing titer against Delta live virus induced by ChAdOx1, an adenovirus vector vaccine developed by Oxford-AstraZeneca decreased by 2.5–9.0 times, greater than the decrease for the Alpha variant (2.33–3.40 times) and smaller than that for the Beta variant (2.50–9.05 times), which were VOCs used in the same study [ 7–9 , 40 ]. Covishield, a similar vaccine produced by AstraZeneca in India, had a 3.28-fold decrease in immune serum neutralizing ability after two shots against the Delta variant as compared with D614G, consistent with the trend for ChAdOx1.…”

Section: Neutralizing Ability Of Vaccine Immune Serum Against the Delta Variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Delta variant on vaccine efficacy and response strategies

Bian

Gao

et al. 2021

Expert Review of Vaccines

209

177

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Introduction The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 has caused a new wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in many countries. It is the most infectious variant of SARS-CoV-2 to date, and its high infectivity means that a higher proportion of the population needs to be vaccinated to reduce the disease burden, which poses a substantial public health challenge. Areas covered The evolution of the Delta variant is reviewed, including an overview of the Delta Plus variant with a K417N mutation in the RBD, which may confer an improved immune evasion ability. Decreases in serum neutralizing antibody titers after vaccination against Delta were greater than those against Alpha but less than those against Beta. The protective efficacy of existing vaccines against the Delta variant have declined and is related to the number of doses and the time since vaccination. Expert opinion The currently used vaccines are effective against hospitalization/severe disease due to the Delta variant. Accelerating the popularization of vaccination, improving the coverage rate, and the implementation of intervention measures, such as wearing masks, are effective means to control the spread of the Delta variant and other variants. However, vaccination alone against SARS-CoV-2 without intervention measures may lead to continuous spread and the emergence of new variants.

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“…However, recent data showed that two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 generated NAb activity against the wild type strain with a 2.1-fold reduction in median NAbT relative to two doses of BNT162b2. Moreover, medians of NAbTs against all SARS-CoV-2 variants were further reduced relative to BNT162b2, with 2.4-fold decrease against D614G and Alpha and 2.5-fold decrease against Beta and Delta variants [ 106 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Variants and Humoral Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses to Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection or after COVID-19 Vaccination

Altawalah

2021

Vaccines

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The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the causative agent of the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical severity of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic to critical disease and, eventually, death in smaller subsets of patients. The first case of COVID-19 was declared at the end of 2019 and it has since spread worldwide and remained a challenge in 2021, with the emergence of variants of concern. In fact, new concerns were the still unclear situation of SARS-CoV-2 immunity during the ongoing pandemic and progress with vaccination. If maintained at sufficiently high levels, the immune response could effectively block reinfection, which might confer long-lived protection. Understanding the protective capacity and the duration of humoral immunity during SARS-CoV-2 infection or after vaccination is critical for managing the pandemic and would also provide more evidence about the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. However, the exact features of antibody responses that govern SARS-CoV-2 infection or after vaccination remain unclear. This review summarizes the main knowledge that we have about the humoral immune response during COVID-19 disease or after vaccination. Such knowledge should help to optimize vaccination strategies and public health decisions.

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AZD1222-induced neutralising antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC

Cited by 131 publications

References 8 publications

Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

Impact of the Delta variant on vaccine efficacy and response strategies

Antibody Responses to Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection or after COVID-19 Vaccination

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