Azide-bearing polymer-based solid composite propellant prepared by a dual curing system consisting of a urethane-forming reaction and a dipolar addition reaction

Min, Byoung Sun; Kim, Chang Kee; Ryoo, Moon Sam; Kim, Sang Youl

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.07.031

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Energetic polymers with azide groups have recently attracted much attention, because they can be used in solid rocket propellant systems and composite explosives as plasticizers to reduce the vulnerability of storage and transport, impart additional energy, increase performance, improve mechanical properties, and enhance system stability [15][16][17]. Moreover, the terminal hydroxyl group of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) can be easily modified through various reactions such as esterification, acetalization, etherification, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

et al. 2015

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A new functionalized [60]fullerene-glycidyl azide polymer (C60-GAP) was synthesized for the first time using a modified Bingel reaction of [60]fullerene (C60) and bromomalonic acid glycidyl azide polymer ester (BM-GAP). The product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analyses. Results confirmed the successful preparation of C60-GAP. Moreover, the thermal decomposition of C60-GAP was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy (TGA-IR), and in situ FTIR. C60-GAP decomposition showed a three-step thermal process. The first step was due to the reaction of the azide group and fullerene at approximately 150 °C. The second step was ascribed to the remainder decomposition of the GAP main chain and N-heterocyclic at approximately 240 °C. The final step was attributed to the burning decomposition of amorphous carbon and carbon cage at around 600 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

et al. 2015

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“…Improving the combustion performance and energy of ammonium perchlorate (AP) based composite propellants is our long term research interests [1][2][3][4]. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is used as the most common oxidizer and is an important energetic material in solid rocket propellant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Energetic Complexes [Co(en)(H₂BTI)₂]₂ ⋅ en, [Cu₂(en)₂(HBTI)₂]₂ and Catalytic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

Liu

Qiu

Han

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A nitrogen‐rich compound 4,5‐bis(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐imidazole (H3BTI) with high energy density has been reported as ligand to make metal‐organic energetic catalysts to improve the energy of catalysts for the first time. The high energetic catalysts [Co(en)(H2BTI)2]2 ⋅ en and [Cu2(en)2(HBTI)2]2 were successfully synthesized and the structures of the complexes were confirmed by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. The catalytic effects of complexes on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) have been investigated separately by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC results show that the AP can be completely decomposed at the temperature of 333.7 °C and 336.1 °C, respectively, which indicates that the pristine “two‐step” thermal decomposition of AP was transformed to a “one step” route upon addition of the copper catalysts. Besides the excellent catalytic performance of AP decomposition, the high energetic ligand HnBTI can also release a large number of heats in the decomposition process, which can significantly enhance the total released heat of the mixture of AP.

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“…PUs were originally introduced into the solid propellant industry in the mid-1950s [7]. For the polymeric networks to be incorporated into solid composite propellants, they should impart rubber-like elasticity to the propellant grain because the solid propellant needs to endure the pressure generating in firing of rocket motor [8]. That is why PUs have been exclusively loved by solid propellants formulators across the world as a binder matrix system (crosslinking system) for composite propellants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We reported previously a few works on the preparation of polymeric networks crosslinked via triazole moieties formed via CF-AAC of polymers bearing azides at backbones or chain-ends with various terminal alkynes in the absence of any solvents [15,17,30]. We also prepared solid composite propellants based on these triazole-crosslinked networks, followed by characterizing the mechanical, burning and adhesion properties [8]. However, the triazole-crosslinked network and its-based solid propellants using glycidylazide polymer (GAP) carrying a lot of azides at backbone could not convey the good mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐situ Robust Polymeric Networks Prepared via Facile Uncatalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition of Alkyne‐terminated Polyurethane with Terminal Azides

Min

Kim

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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We carried out catalyst – and solvent‐free Huisgen azide‐alkyne cycloadditon (AAC) to develop the polyurethane‐based networks crosslinked through triazole moieties at chain‐ends. An asymmetrical divalent compound carrying the hydroxyl and electron‐deficient alkyne as terminal groups was newly synthesized to prepare the alkyne‐terminated polymer containing urethane moieties within polymer backbone. Additionally, three kinds of terminal‐azide crosslinkers were introduced to react with alkyne‐terminated polyurethanes without any promoters. Kinetics of the uncatalyzed AAC were monitored by using real‐time FT‐IR technique at 50 °C temperature. The rate of AAC using aromatic azide dipole was faster than other dipoles. Compared to the non‐polyurethane‐based networks crosslinked via either urethane or triazole moieties at chain‐ends, triazole chain‐ends crosslinked polyurethane networks conveyed the excellent mechanical properties. However, thermal properties at low temperature were not as good as those of non‐polyurethane networks. Especially, Tg of polyurethane networks formed by an oligomeric azide crosslinker was much higher than others.

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Azide-bearing polymer-based solid composite propellant prepared by a dual curing system consisting of a urethane-forming reaction and a dipolar addition reaction

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

Synthesis of Energetic Complexes [Co(en)(H₂BTI)₂]₂ ⋅ en, [Cu₂(en)₂(HBTI)₂]₂ and Catalytic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

In‐situ Robust Polymeric Networks Prepared via Facile Uncatalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition of Alkyne‐terminated Polyurethane with Terminal Azides

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Azide-bearing polymer-based solid composite propellant prepared by a dual curing system consisting of a urethane-forming reaction and a dipolar addition reaction

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

Synthesis and Characterization of [60]Fullerene-Glycidyl Azide Polymer and Its Thermal Decomposition

Synthesis of Energetic Complexes [Co(en)(H2BTI)2]2 ⋅ en, [Cu2(en)2(HBTI)2]2 and Catalytic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

In‐situ Robust Polymeric Networks Prepared via Facile Uncatalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition of Alkyne‐terminated Polyurethane with Terminal Azides

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Synthesis of Energetic Complexes [Co(en)(H₂BTI)₂]₂ ⋅ en, [Cu₂(en)₂(HBTI)₂]₂ and Catalytic Study on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate