Azimuth-Pattern Reconfigurable Planar Antenna Design Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

Zhang, Zhan; Cao, Sheng; Wang, Junhong

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3073706

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In [12], the radiation mode of the Yagi antenna element was altered by tuning the four loaded varactor diodes, and the array realized wide-angle beam scanning. [13] proposed a patch antenna with four reconfigurable beams in the azimuth plane by switching over different sets of feeding ports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Cost and High Performance 5-Bit Programmable Phased Array Antenna at Ku-Band

Li¹,

Yang²,

Shao³

et al. 2022

PIER

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We present a low-cost and high-performance 5-bit programmable phased array antenna at Ku-band, which consists of 1-bit reconfigurable radiation structures, digital phase shifters, and a coplanar waveguide feeding network. The 1-bit reconfigurable radiation structure utilizes symmetric geometries and PIN diodes to form stable 180 • phase difference. The digital phase shifter provides 168.75 • phase difference and together with the radiation structure form a 348.75 • phase coverage. The antenna operates between 14.4 and 15.4 GHz, and the overall array contains 24 × 2 elements with each of them being individually addressable. By changing the states of the diodes and thus adjusting the phase coding sequences of the array, the antenna achieves 0 • -60 • precise beam scanning at 14.8 GHz, with the sidelobe level, cross-polarization, and gain fluctuation being less than −16 dB, −26 dB, and 2.4 dB, respectively. A prototype was fabricated to verify the design, and the measurement results agree well with simulations. Compared with traditional phased arrays composed of numerous phase shifters and T/R components, the proposed antenna features high performance, high flexibility, low profile, and low cost. The antenna provides a new and feasible solution of wavefront steering and will benefit the various application scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Cost and High Performance 5-Bit Programmable Phased Array Antenna at Ku-Band

Li¹,

Yang²,

Shao³

et al. 2022

PIER

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show abstract

“…By monitoring four feeding ports, the antenna in [8], based on a circular patch upon which a vertical slot was etched, radiated in four different directions. The antenna in [9] was powered differentially through four feeding ports and composed of radiators and parasitic elements. Based on the control of the ON and OFF of the PIN diodes, the antenna achieved six states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

Rahmani¹,

Touhami²,

Kchairi³

et al. 2022

PIER C

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The present work demonstrates the design of a wideband 2 ×1 reconfigurable beam steering array for wireless communication systems. The designed antenna is powered by a microstrip line and consists of a two rectangular-shaped radiating elements and a rectangular planar ground. Its dimensions are as follows: 0.67λ0 × 0.53λ0 × 0.03λ0. It executes three reconfigurable operating states by turning on and off two PIN diodes to change the direction of the main beam, as well as a beam tilt ranging from (±30 • ) to (±38 • ). A progressive analysis in order to enhance the antenna characteristic performances is furnished. The proposed reconfigurable antenna bandwidth is 18.18% (simulated), 18.84% (theoretical), and 19.42% (measured). The presented antenna has a maximum gain of 8.62 dB (simulated) and 8.45 dB (measured), and a higher efficiency ratio of 80% to 86% over the operating band (5 GHz-6 GHz). The designed antenna is fabricated using a low loss Rogers RT5880 substrate of 2.2 relative permittivity. The simulated, theoretical, and measured results are presented and exhibit a good accord, including the S 11 parameter and radiation patterns. In addition to the pattern reconfiguration, the obtained results are useful in order to improve the overall gain, antenna bandwidth and efficiency.

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“…32 The systematic design of an antenna system can be achieved using this CMA technique and trial and error approach in the antenna design process can be minimized to the maximum extent. 33 Many designs employing CMA approach are published in the literature, [34][35][36] rendering the design process easier and more efficient.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic mode analysis of two port semi‐circular arc‐shaped multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna with high isolation for 5G sub‐6 GHz and wireless local area network applications

Addepalli

Babu²,

Beno³

et al. 2022

Int J Communication

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The work presents the design of a novel semi-circular arc-shaped two-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with improved isolation. The antenna is obtained by cutting and subtracting a circular disk from another circular disk, forming the shape of a semi-circular arc. The antenna is replicated to form a two element MIMO antenna system on a FR4 substrate of size 36 Â 26 mm 2 with edge-to-edge separation of 12.4 mm. The developed MIMO antenna resonates in the frequency range 3.26 to 6.97 GHz giving a maximum element-to-element isolation around 26 dB in the operating bandwidth. Also, the antenna gives a maximum radiation efficiency of 98% with a peak gain of 5.3 dBi in the operating band. The proposed compact MMO antenna covers wide variety of wireless applications like 5G sub-6 GHz and wireless local area network (WLAN) applications, which includes n77/n78/n79, WiFi-5, V2X/DSRC, WiFi-6, and INSAT-C bands. Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is performed in characterizing the performance of the antenna over the specified operating bands by studying and analyzing the parameters like modal significance (MS), characteristic angle (CA), modal current, and modal patterns. The obtained MIMO parameters like envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) reveal that the proposed antenna is a suitable choice in MIMO environment.

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Azimuth-Pattern Reconfigurable Planar Antenna Design Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Low Cost and High Performance 5-Bit Programmable Phased Array Antenna at Ku-Band

Low Cost and High Performance 5-Bit Programmable Phased Array Antenna at Ku-Band

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

Characteristic mode analysis of two port semi‐circular arc‐shaped multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna with high isolation for 5G sub‐6 GHz and wireless local area network applications

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