Azole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by the MmpS5–MmpL5 efflux system

Crystal Structure of the Transcriptional Regulator Rv0678 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

“…8b). This result is consistent with previous reports of altered mmpS5/mmpL5 gene expression in Mycobacterium bovis BCG spontaneous rv0678 mutants (13). Preliminary CHIPSeq data from the TB Systems Biology Consortium suggests that Rv0678 regulates the expression of additional genes (41).…”

“…The genome of M. tuberculosis H37Rv contains 15 genes that encode for the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) proteins designated MmpL transporters (13,14). Unlike the RNDtype efflux pumps of Gram-negative bacteria, MmpL proteins do not usually participate in antibiotic efflux.…”

“…Specifically, MmpL transporters form complexes with the MmpS family proteins in order to export cell wall lipid constituents (18). Five genes encoding MmpS proteins are adjacent to genes encoding MmpL proteins (8,13). Work in the model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis demonstrated that MmpS4 was required for bacterial sliding motility and biofilm formation (19).…”

Crystal structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcriptional regulator Rv0302

“…3). The helices of Rv0302 are designated numerically from the N-terminus as a1 (residues [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], a2 (residues 37-44), a3 (residues 48-55), a4 (residues 58-76), a5 (residues 88-104), ). The red circles corresponding to the Rv0302 transcription factor are placed at the putative binding sites.…”

Morphological Changes of Fungal Cell Wall and ABC Transporter as Resistance Responses of Rice Bakanae Disease Pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi CF337 to Prochloraz

“…4) CF337의 prochloraz에 대한 저항성 기작으로서 ABC transporter의 efflux pump가 관여함을 조사하고자 efflux pump 저해제의 처리에 따른 병원균의 생장율을 조사하였다. 병원균의 efflux pump는 ATP에 의존하기 때문에 세포내 전자전달계를 저해하는 화합물을 처리함으로써 약제에 대한 저항성 기작의 하나로 연구되고 있다 (Parkinson et al, 1995;Albertson et al, 1996;Prudêncio et al, 2000;Kim et al, 2002;Milano et al, 2009). CF337을 CF106이 생장하 는 농도수준의 prochloraz와 efflux pump 저해제를 동시에 처리하여 배양하였을 때 생장저해가 관찰되지 않았으나 CF337 이 생장하는 농도수준의 prochloraz와 저해제를 동시에 처리 하였을 경우 CF337의 현저한 생장저해가 관찰되었다( Table 2).…”