Azotobacter

Patil, Satish V.; Mohite, Bhavana V.; Koli, Sunil H.; Borase, Hemant P.; Patil, Vikas

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823414-3.00019-8

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Besides BNF, the beneficial effects of Azotobacter on plant growth are also attributed to an improvement in root development, an increase in the rate of mineral uptake by roots as well as their antagonism against fungi and plant pathogenic bacteria. Azotobacter synthetizes and secretes considerable amounts of biologically active substances like B vitamins, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, heteroxins, and gibberellin, which enhance root growth of plants (Azcón and Barea, 1975;Patil et al, 2020). Inorganic and organic P solubilization by Azotobacter strains is another growth promoting trait which is characterized to screen efficient free-living N 2 -fixing bacteria (Narula et al, 2000;Nosrati et al, 2014;Hafez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Growth Promoting Traits and Other Substances Produced By Azomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter Species as Potential Soil Biological Enhancers for Crop Nutrition and Yield Stability

et al. 2021

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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) refers to a microbial mediated process based upon an enzymatic “Nitrogenase” conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium readily absorbable by roots. N2-fixing microorganisms collectively termed as “diazotrophs” are able to fix biologically N2 in association with plant roots. Specifically, the symbiotic rhizobacteria induce structural and physiological modifications of bacterial cells and plant roots into specialized structures called nodules. Other N2-fixing bacteria are free-living fixers that are highly diverse and globally widespread in cropland. They represent key natural source of nitrogen (N) in natural and agricultural ecosystems lacking symbiotic N fixation (SNF). In this review, the importance of Azotobacter species was highlighted as both important free-living N2-fixing bacteria and potential bacterial biofertilizer with proven efficacy for plant nutrition and biological soil fertility. In addition, we described Azotobacter beneficial plant promoting traits (e.g., nutrient use efficiency, protection against phytopathogens, phytohormone biosynthesis, etc.). We shed light also on the agronomic features of Azotobacter that are likely an effective component of integrated plant nutrition strategy, which contributes positively to sustainable agricultural production. We pointed out Azotobacter based-biofertilizers, which possess unique characteristics such as cyst formation conferring resistance to environmental stresses. Such beneficial traits can be explored profoundly for the utmost aim to research and develop specific formulations based on inoculant Azotobacter cysts. Furthermore, Azotobacter species still need to be wisely exploited in order to address specific agricultural challenges (e.g., nutrient deficiencies, biotic and abiotic constraints) taking into consideration several variables including their biological functions, synergies and multi-trophic interactions, and biogeography and abundance distribution.

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Section: Growth Promoting Traits and Other Substances Produced By Azomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter Species as Potential Soil Biological Enhancers for Crop Nutrition and Yield Stability

et al. 2021

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“…The root hairs appeared as tubular cells without divisions; they emerged from the epidermal cells of the main root and showed a filamentous morphology that was perpendicular to the root tissue [78]. Roots' interaction with A. nigricans did not harm the plants; on the contrary, this helped their development and is the reason why its use as a biofertilizer has been considered [30,31,79]. Viscardi et al [80] found that the colonization of A. chroococcum in tomato roots benefited their development under conditions of drought and saline stress, in addition to improving plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inoculation of plants with bacteria of the genus Azotobacter sp. has allowed the improvement of the quality of the soil and the production of healthy plants [29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Phosphorus and Nitrogen Uptake in Maize Crops with Food Industry Biosolids and Azotobacter nigricans

Vera-García,

Rodríguez-Casasola,

Barrera-Cortés

et al. 2023

Plants

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The problem of phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency in agricultural soils has been solved by adding chemical fertilizers. However, their excessive use and their accumulation have only contributed to environmental contamination. Given the high content of nutrients in biosolids collected from a food industry waste treatment plant, their use as fertilizers was investigated in Zea mays plants grown in sandy loam soil collected from a semi-desert area. These biosolids contained insoluble phosphorus sources; therefore, given the ability of Azotobacter nigricans to solubilize phosphates, this strain was incorporated into the study. In vitro, the suitable conditions for the growth of Z. mays plants were determined by using biosolids as a fertilizer and A. nigricans as a plant-growth-promoting microorganism; in vitro, the ability of A. nigricans to solubilize phosphates, fix nitrogen, and produce indole acetic acid, a phytohormone that promotes root formation, was also evaluated. At the greenhouse stage, the Z. mays plants fertilized with biosolids at concentrations of 15 and 20% (v/w) and inoculated with A. nigricans favored the development of bending strength plants, which was observed on the increased stem diameter (>13.5% compared with the negative control and >7.4% compared with the positive control), as well as a better absorption of phosphorus and nitrogen, the concentration of which increased up to 62.8% when compared with that in the control treatments. The interactions between plants and A. nigricans were observed via scanning electron microscopy. The application of biosolids and A. nigricans in Z. mays plants grown in greenhouses presented better development than when Z. mays plants were treated with a chemical fertilizer. The enhanced plant growth was attributed to the increase in root surface area.

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“…These isolates also secrete glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, rhamnose, xylose, and mannitol. The production of indole acetic acid by A. beijerinckii , A. chroococcum, and A. vinelandii stimulated the growth of A. vera and D. metel [ 116 ].…”

Section: Potentialities Of Endophytic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Applications of Endophytic Bacteria and Their Physiological/Biochemical Roles on Medicinal and Herbal Plants: Review

2023

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Bacterial endophytes reside within the tissues of living plant species without causing any harm or disease to their hosts. These endophytes can be isolated, identified, characterized, and used as biofertilizers. Moreover, bacterial endophytes increase the plants’ resistance against diseases, pests, and parasites, and are a promising source of pharmaceutically important bioactives. For instance, the production of antibiotics, auxins, biosurfactants, cytokinin’s, ethylene, enzymes, gibberellins, nitric oxide organic acids, osmolytes, and siderophores is accredited to the existence of various bacterial strains. Thus, this manuscript intends to review the sustainable applications of endophytic bacteria to promote the growth, development, and chemical integrity of medicinal and herbal plants, as well as their role in plant physiology. The study of the importance of bacterial endophytes in the suppression of diseases in medicinal and herbal plants is crucial and a promising area of future investigation.

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Azotobacter

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter Species as Potential Soil Biological Enhancers for Crop Nutrition and Yield Stability

Nitrogen Fixing Azotobacter Species as Potential Soil Biological Enhancers for Crop Nutrition and Yield Stability

Enhancing Phosphorus and Nitrogen Uptake in Maize Crops with Food Industry Biosolids and Azotobacter nigricans

Sustainable Applications of Endophytic Bacteria and Their Physiological/Biochemical Roles on Medicinal and Herbal Plants: Review

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