Bioassays of glucosinolate‐derived isothiocyanates against postharvest pear pathogens

Abstract

The present study assayed the effect of six isothiocyanates (ITCs), produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates, on fungal pathogens of pear. Sample pear fruits were artificially inoculated through induced wounds with conidial suspensions of Botrytis cinereaRhizopus stoloniferMonilinia laxaMucor piriformis or Penicillium expansum and were then treated with ITCs. Of the six ITCs tested, the ITC from glucoraphenin showed the highest effectiveness after 6 days at 20°C, against M. laxaB. cinerea and M. piriformis. The effectiveness of the ITC from glucoraphenin against M. laxa was assayed in two further trials to test the effect of ITC concentration on different concentrations of inoculum and to determine the duration of the curative effect of this ITC. ITC concentration directly affected fungus control capacity. The highest ITC concentration (3.6 mg mL−1) afforded pathogen control at the highest level of pathogen concentration (106 conidia mL−1) after 6 days at 20°C. Its curative effect was evident up to 40 h after inoculation.

Effect of benzyl isothiocyanate on tomato fruit infection development by Alternaria alternata

“…The differences in fungicidal activity of BITC observed in vitro and in vivo are consistent with other reports. 27,41 The low effectiveness of BITC applied in vivo compared with in vitro could be related to the more complex composition of the ripe fruit as compared with the PDA used during the in vitro test, and the possible escape of the volatile compound through the lowdensity polyethylene film used in the experiment.…”

“…Most of the studies found in the literature regarding the antifungal activity of BITC refer to in vitro studies, whilst there appears to be a lack of studies dealing with in vivo activity. To the best of our knowledge, the most complete in vivo study of the ITC effect on fungal pathogens was done in pear fruit by Mari et al 27 They found that 4-methylsulfinyl-3-butenyl and p-hydroxyl-benzyl ITC showed consistent antifungal activity against Monilinia laxa and Botrytis cinerea. Furthermore, BITC showed little activity against these pathogens.…”

The Plastidic Bile Acid Transporter 5 Is Required for the Biosynthesis of Methionine-Derived Glucosinolates inArabidopsis thaliana

“…These compounds and their breakdown products, for example, isothiocyanates, protect plants against herbivores and pathogens (Giamoustaris and Mithen, 1995;Mari et al, 1996;Manici et al, 2000;Reymond et al, 2004;Chung et al, 2005;Mewis et al, 2005;Brader et al, 2006) and are known to serve as human anticancer agents (Talalay and Fahey, 2001;Traw et al, 2003;Hayes et al, 2008). After Met-derived glucosinoates, indolic and benzyl glucosinolates are the most abundant glucosinolates in Arabidopsis.…”

Efecto del jugo de brócoli y cambios químicos en la inhibición de Alternaria en arúgula mínimamente procesada

“…El cual se basó en la metodología establecida por Jezeck et al (1999) para determinar glucosinolatos, mediante espectrofotometría, usando una alcalina degradación y reacción con ferricianuro, utilizando sinigrina como modelo de glucosinolatos, así mismo Gallaher et al (2012) Mari et al (1996) reported that isothiocyanates derived from glucosinolates used at a concentration of 3.6 mµg mL -1 completely controlled the fungus Penicillium expansum in pear fruit. Masahiro et al, (2006) tested concentrations of 20 mg g -1 of volatile compounds of Brasicca rapa, inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani.…”

“…Varios autores han demostrado previamente que los GLs tienen efecto en contra de algunos patógenos. Mari et al (1996) reportan que los isotiocinatos derivados de los glucosinolatos usados a una concentración de 3.6 mg mL -1 controlaron completamente al hongo Penicillium expansum en frutos de pera. Masahiro et al (2006), probaron concentraciones de 20 mg g -1 de compuestos volátiles de Brasicca rapa inhibió el crecimiento micelial de Rhizoctonia solani.…”