B cell growth factors and B cell differentiation factor from human T hybridomas. Two distinct kinds of B cell growth factor and their synergism in B cell proliferation.

Okada, Masaji; Sakaguchi, Nobuo; Yoshimura, Norio; Hara, Hideki; Shimizu, Kazuo; Yoshida, Nobuaki; Yoshizaki, Kazuyuki; Kishimoto, Susumu; Yamamura, Yuichi; Kishimoto, Tadamitsu

doi:10.1084/jem.157.2.583

Cited by 173 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Second, B cells and B cell blasts cannot absorb IL-2 activity in the murine system (15). Third, highly purified IL-2 or IL-2-containing supernatants from T-T hybridomas have little effect on B cell proliferation in the absence or presence of polyclonal B cell activators (35)(36)(37). Fourth, it has been demonstrated (14) that clonal expansion and differentiation of individual hapten-specific B cells require soluble factors distinct from IL-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 2 receptors on human B cells. Implications for the role of interleukin 2 in human B cell function.

Muraguchi¹,

Kehrl²,

Longo³

et al. 1985

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

220

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It has been demonstrated (1, 2) that a number of antigen-nonspecific soluble factors exist that can transmit signals for growth and/or differentiation among lymphoid cells, particularly T lymphocytes, and may play a major role in the regulation of the immune response. Recent studies (3-5) in both murine and human systems have revealed that such antigen-nonspecific soluble factors also play a critical role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of B iymphocytes.We have attempted to delineate the minimal and optimal signals required for the induction of resting human B cells to proliferate as well as the signals required for the induction of activated B cells to differentiate into immunoglobulinsecreting cells (4,5). In this regard~ we have recently demonstrated (6-8) that Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) 1 or a high concentration of antiimmunoglobulin antibody that interacts with the B cell surface immunoglobulin (slg) directly induces the proliferation of resting human B cells, while a less powerful slg-mediated signal, such as that delivered by low concentrations of anti-Ig antibody, results in the activation of B cells without subsequent proliferation. These activated B cells, presumably arrested in the G1 phase of the B cell cycle, were able to respond to exogeneous T cell-derived B cell growth factor (BCGF), now designated B cell stimulatory factor (BSF) (9), to enter the S phase of the cell cycle. These activated B cells can in turn be induced to differentiate into Igsecreting cells by B cell differentiation factors (BCDF), originally referred to as T cell-replacing factors (10). These BCDF have been shown to be biochemically separable from interleukin 2 (IL-2) and BSF (11-13).It is currently controversial whether IL-2 exerts a direct effect on B cell function. Certain reports (3, 14) state that it is unlikely that IL-2 directly affects B cells; however, other studies indicate that IL-2 has an important role in the J Abbrevmtions used in this paper:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin 2 receptors on human B cells. Implications for the role of interleukin 2 in human B cell function.

Muraguchi¹,

Kehrl²,

Longo³

et al. 1985

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

220

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“…IL1B was shown to enhance the production of immune-related molecules, such as nitric oxide, acute-phase proteins, cytokines, and chemokines (Arend et al 2008). IL6 has multiple functions, such as stimulation of antibody synthesis by B cells (Okada et al 1983) and the differentiation of monocytes from dendritic cells to macrophages (Chomarat et al 2000). We have reported that the injection of birds with LPS enhanced the expression of both AvBDs and proinflammatory cytokines, IL1B and IL6, in the vagina (Abdel Mageed et al 2008, Nii et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

et al. 2013

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Immune function in the vagina of hen oviduct is essential to prevent infection by microorganisms colonizing in the cloaca. The aim of this study was to determine whether CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) stimulate the expression of avian b-defensins (AvBDs) in hen vaginal cells. Specific questions were whether CpG-ODN affects the expression of AvBDs and proinflammatory cytokines and whether the cytokines affect AvBDs expression in vaginal cells. The dispersed vaginal cells of White Leghorn laying hens were cultured and stimulated by different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CpG-ODN, interleukin 1b (IL1B), or IL6. The cultured cell population contained epithelial cells, fibroblast-like cells, and CD45-positive leukocytes. The immunoreactive AvBD3, -10, and -12 were localized in the mucosal epithelium in the section of the vagina. The expression of AvBDs, IL1B, and IL6 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. RT-PCR analysis showed the expression of AvBD1, -3, -4, -5, -10, and -12 in the cultured vaginal cells without stimulation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4 and 21, which recognize LPS and CpG-ODN respectively and IL1 and IL6 receptors (IL1R1 and IL6R) were also expressed in them. The expression of IL1B, IL6, and AvBD10 and -12 was upregulated by LPS, whereas only IL1B and IL6 were upregulated by CpG-ODN. IL1B stimulation upregulated AvBD1 and -3 expression, whereas IL6 stimulation did not cause changes in AvBDs expression. These results suggest that CpG-ODN derived from microbes upregulates the expression of IL1B and IL6 by interaction with TLR21 and then IL1B induces AvBD1 and -3 to prevent infection in the vagina.

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“…[16][17][18] Many of these Stat3-activating cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-10, IL-6, and IL-21, have been implicated in the terminal differentiation of B cells into antibodysecreting plasma cells. [18][19][20][21] We recently showed by transcriptional profiling that, compared with B cells, plasma cells selectively retain Stat3 and both chains of the IL-6 receptor, IL-6R␣, and gp130, whereas inhibitors of Stat3 signaling, including PIAS3 and SOCS3, are absent or down-regulated in plasma cells, as were Stat4, Stat5a/b, and Stat6. 22 These results strongly implied an important role for Stat3 in plasma cell formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical role for Stat3 in T-dependent terminal differentiation of IgG B cells

Fornek

Tygrett

Waldschmidt

et al. 2006

Blood

132

121

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Stat proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that are crucial in many aspects of mammalian development. In the immune system, Stat3 has distinct roles in T-cell, neutrophil, and macrophage function, but a role for Stat3 in B-cell development, particularly in the terminal differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells, has never been directly tested. In this study, we used the Cre/lox system to generate a mouse strain in which Stat3 was condi-

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B cell growth factors and B cell differentiation factor from human T hybridomas. Two distinct kinds of B cell growth factor and their synergism in B cell proliferation.

Cited by 173 publications

References 17 publications

Interleukin 2 receptors on human B cells. Implications for the role of interleukin 2 in human B cell function.

Interleukin 2 receptors on human B cells. Implications for the role of interleukin 2 in human B cell function.

Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

Critical role for Stat3 in T-dependent terminal differentiation of IgG B cells

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