B-cell responses to vaccination at the extremes of age

Siegrist, Claire Anne; Aspinall, Richard

doi:10.1038/nri2508

Cited by 552 publications

(492 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…These findings are in contrast to strongly significant changes in concentration of MenC-specific Ab with age at priming immunization with MenC vaccine (25). Siegrist and Aspinall (35) suggest that the large load of environmental Ags in early life causes competition between plasma cells for access to a limited set of survival niches in bone marrow. Therefore, infants and young children have a suboptimal bone marrow plasma-cell pool and poor maintenance of persistent Ab.…”

Section: Menc-specific Memory B Cell Immune Responses Postboostercontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…It has been postulated that the poor ability of infants to generate persistent Ab to polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines is due to a reduced ability to retain and support long-lived plasma cells in the bone marrow (33,34). Additional factors include immaturity of the follicular dendritic cell network and therefore limited germinal center responses (35), limited costimulatory signals (e.g., CD21), decreased and/or delayed affinity maturation, and limited plasma cell supporting factors. Recently, studies in mice have discovered that both the protein and carbohydrate components of the glycoconjugate are processed by the B cell-generating glycan peptides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings from studies of neonatal immunization lend support to this theory. The administration of a vaccine at birth (e.g., hepatitis B) may fail to elicit Ag-specific serum Abs, but may still be able to prime for a secondary response (35). In addition, infants respond poorly to immunization with pure polysaccharide vaccines (T-independent Ags).…”

Section: Menc-specific Memory B Cell Immune Responses Postboostermentioning

confidence: 99%

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B Cell Memory to a Serogroup C Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Childhood and Response to Booster: Little Association with Serum IgG Antibody

Perrett

Jin

Clutterbuck

et al. 2012

The Journal of Immunology

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The maintenance of adequate serum Ab levels following immunization has been identified as the most important mechanism for individual long-term protection against rapidly invading encapsulated bacteria. The mechanisms for maintaining adequate serum Ab levels and the relationship between Ag-specific memory B cells and Ab at steady state are poorly understood. We measured the frequency of circulating serogroup C meningococcal (MenC)-specific memory B cells in 250 healthy 6- to 12-y-old children 6 y following MenC conjugate vaccine priming, before a booster of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b–MenC conjugate vaccine and then 1 wk, 1 mo, and 1 y after the booster. We investigated the relationship between circulating MenC-specific memory B cell frequencies and Ab at baseline and following the booster vaccine. We found very low frequencies of circulating MenC-specific memory B cells at steady state in primary school-aged children and little association with MenC IgG Ab levels. Following vaccination, there were robust memory B cell booster responses that, unlike Ab levels, were not dependent on age at priming with MenC. Measurement of B cell memory in peripheral blood does not predict steady state Ab levels nor the capacity to respond to a booster dose of MenC Ag.

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Section: Menc-specific Memory B Cell Immune Responses Postboostercontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Menc-specific Memory B Cell Immune Responses Postboostermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

B Cell Memory to a Serogroup C Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Childhood and Response to Booster: Little Association with Serum IgG Antibody

Perrett

Jin

Clutterbuck

et al. 2012

The Journal of Immunology

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“…43 It is particularly reassuring that elderly Japanese subjects 80 years of age are able to mount higher functional antibody responses after PCV7 compared with PPSV23, despite reports of immunosenescence in the elderly. 44 As in other studies with PCV13, 12,19,45 in the current study, PCV13 was shown to have an acceptable safety and reactogenicity profile. Local reactions were mainly mild to moderate in severity and self-limiting, although they were statistically significantly higher among PCV13 recipients than PPSV23 recipients, possibly reflecting the higher immune responses observed after PCV13.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Immunogenicity and safety of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly Japanese adults

Shiramoto¹,

Hanada

Juergens

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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sive pneumococcal disease; LLOQ, lower limit of quantitation; OPA, opsonophagocytic activity; PCV13, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PPSV23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccineStreptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of severe disease worldwide, particularly in the elderly population. Due to increasing life expectancy in Japan and elsewhere, an effective vaccine which offers the possibility of prolonged protection is required. Protein conjugated pneumococcal vaccines, which have the ability to boost immunity (immunologic memory) on natural exposure or revaccination, may meet these requirements. An unconjugated 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) has been available for decades; however data on protection against pneumonia are inconsistent. For the first time, a randomized, modified double-blind trial comparing the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) with PPSV23 was conducted in PPSV23-naive adults 65 years of age in Japan. This study showed that statistically significantly greater functional antibody responses as measured by opsonophagocytic assays 1 month after vaccination were elicited in the PCV13 group (n D 366) compared with the PPSV23 group (n D 367) for 9 of the 12 serotypes in common with both vaccines and for serotype 6A, unique to PCV13. Local reactions collected within 14 days of vaccination were more frequent in the PCV13 (57.5%, 211/367) than PPSV23 (44.9%, 166/370) group, although severity was generally mild to moderate; systemic and adverse events were similar across groups. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events. Consistent with global studies comparing PCV13 with PPSV23, PCV13 use in Japanese subjects was safe and well-tolerated and elicited greater functional immune responses than PPSV23 for the majority of PCV13-serotypes. PCV13 has the potential to protect against pneumococcal disease in Japanese elderly adults.

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“…The traditional inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) -both the old formulation containing three viruses and the more recent preparation with four components -is poorly immunogenic in younger subjects; does not protect a significant number of infants, particularly when mismatched viruses are circulating; and is not licensed for those under 6 months of age [4]. Regarding immunogenicity, younger children are quite similar to the elderly, who, because of the senescence of their immune system, respond poorly to immune stimulation [7]. To overcome these problems and to increase the protective efficacy against influenza in pediatric populations, several attempts have been made to modify the composition or the route of administration of IIV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%