<b>Effects of Ascochyta blight caused by <i>Mycosphaerella pinodes</i> on the translocation of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds from the leaf and hull to the seed of dried‐pea</b>

Garry, G.; Tivoli, Bernard; Jeuffroy, M. H.; Citharel, J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-170.x

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The decline in foliar N in subplots where fungi were removed in the current experiment, particularly at low diversity, is consistent with past studies which have shown that foliar fungal diseases can cause N retention in diseased leaves (Bastiaans ; Garry et al . ; Gooding et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food‐web composition and plant diversity control foliar nutrient content and stoichiometry

et al. 2015

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Summary The content and ratio of nutrients in plants can be constrained by a wide array of factors, including nutrient supply, light intensity, herbivory, infection or intrinsic growth rate and can, in turn, affect many ecosystem processes including photosynthesis, decomposition, resource limitation and nutrient cycling. Studies of plant stoichiometry and stoichiometric homeostasis have focused primarily on the role of nutrient supply as a constraint on plant tissue chemistry, yet recent work suggests that local plant diversity, plant species composition and consumers may change the nutrient composition of whole plant communities. By experimentally removing insects, foliar fungi and soil fungi from a long‐term experiment manipulating plant diversity, we found that the foliar stoichiometry of individual plant species depends on biotic context. Local plant diversity and the composition of the consumer community each altered foliar tissue carbon and nutrient chemistry of four different grassland species. The greatest impacts of consumers on foliar chemistry occurred at low plant diversity, and these changes induced by altering the food web were of a similar magnitude to the effects of fertilization or drought found in previous work. Consumers and plant diversity acted primarily on foliar carbon and nitrogen, whereas changes in foliar phosphorus were associated with the productivity of the local plant community. Thus, changes in whole‐community stoichiometry that have been documented in response to alterations of the consumer food web or plant community are underlain by stoichiometric changes in individual species as well as plant species compositional changes. Synthesis. These results suggest a new pathway by which loss of consumer or plant diversity may significantly impact the wide variety of ecosystem processes that depend on foliar nutrient content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food‐web composition and plant diversity control foliar nutrient content and stoichiometry

et al. 2015

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“…In the current study, most of the cultivars that had some form of tissue-specific resistance were late-maturing. Mycosphaerella blight can cause a rapid senescence of infected tissue, which speeds up plant maturation (Garry et al 1996). However, all of the early-maturing finished flowering before the late-maturing lines, so early maturity appears to be a characteristic of these cultivars rather than a consequence of severe mycosphaerella blight development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, another field study demonstrated that severe disease development at any stage from the start of flowering to pod formation resulted in reductions in seed weight (Xue et al 1997). The formation of brown to purple mycosphaerella blight lesions on the leaves and stem diminishes photosynthesis, which leads to reduced starch accumulation in the seeds (Garry et al 1996). Repeated applications of foliar fungicides will reduce mycosphaerella blight severity, but this is not cost-effective (Xue et al 1997;Wang et al 2000;Xue and Warkentin 2001;Xue et al 2003).…”

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Influence of agronomic traits on the expression of tissuespecific resistance to mycosphaerella blight in field pea

Conner¹,

Hwang²,

Woods³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2007. Influence of agronomic traits on the expression of tissue-specific resistance to mycosphaerella blight in field pea. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 157-165. Mycosphaerella blight, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes, is the most destructive disease of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in western Canada. A 3-yr field study conducted at two field locations examined the effect of differences in lodging, growth stage and maturity on disease development among field pea cultivars that possess different forms of partial resistance. Significant differences in disease development, measured as area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), and as disease severity on the leaves, stems and pods were observed among the field pea cultivars. These measurements of disease development were only influenced by differences in crop maturity in 2005. Only cultivars that were either intermediate or late maturing had low disease severity ratings or AUDPC values. Differences in the degree of lodging had a small inconsistent effect on the mycosphaerella blight ratings. These results suggest that differences in maturity should be considered in order to avoid inadvertent selection for late maturity while evaluating field pea lines or cultivars for mycosphaerella blight resistance. . Incidence des caractères agronomiques sur l'expression de la résistance tissulaire à la brûlure par Mycosphaerella chez le pois de grande culture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 157-165. La brûlure causée par Mycosphaerella pinodes est la maladie la plus destructive du pois de grande culture (Pisum sativum L.) dans l'Ouest canadien. Dans le cadre d'une étude sur le terrain de trois ans effectuée à deux sites, les auteurs ont examiné l'incidence que les variations au niveau de la verse, du stade de croissance et du degré de maturité pourrait avoir sur le développement de la maladie chez les cultivars de pois qui y résistent partiellement de diverses façons. Les cultivars en question présentaient d'importantes variations eu égard au développement de la maladie au champ, mesuré d'après la surface sous la courbe d'évolution de la maladie (CEM) et la gravité de cette dernière, observée sur les feuilles, les tiges et les gousses du pois. En 2005, ces mesures du développement de la maladie n'ont été affectées que par le degré de maturité variable de la culture. Seuls les variétés à maturité intermédiaire ou tardive ont obtenu une faible note pour la gravité de la maladie ou la CEM. Les variations relatives à l'importance de la verse ont eu une légère incidence sur la résistance à la brûlure par Mycosphaerella mais elle n'était pas cohérente. Ces résultats laissent croire qu'on devrait tenir compte des variations de maturité pour éviter de sélectionner accidentellement la maturité tardive quand on évalue les lignées de pois de grande culture pour la résistance à la brûlure par Mycosphaerella.

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“…Severe occurrence of mycosphaerella blight causes spots on leaves, stems, and pods, foot rot, reduced seed size, and a reduced number of seeds per stem (Lawyer, 1984;Tivoli et al, 1996). Diminished photosynthetic area due to lesion formation on leaves and stems results in decreased accumulation of starch in seeds (Garry et al, 1996). Grain yield instability due to insuffi cient disease resistance has reduced farmers' confi dence in cultivating fi eld pea (Wroth, 1998a).…”

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Identification of Mycosphaerella Blight Resistance in Wild Pisum Species for Use in Pea Breeding

et al. 2012

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**Effects of Ascochyta blight caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes on the translocation of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds from the leaf and hull to the seed of dried‐pea**

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Food‐web composition and plant diversity control foliar nutrient content and stoichiometry

Food‐web composition and plant diversity control foliar nutrient content and stoichiometry

Influence of agronomic traits on the expression of tissuespecific resistance to mycosphaerella blight in field pea

Identification of Mycosphaerella Blight Resistance in Wild Pisum Species for Use in Pea Breeding

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